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Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm that achieves a globally robust model through decentralized computation and periodic model synthesis, primarily focusing on the global model's accuracy over aggregated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Han Liang , Ziwei Zhan , Weijie Liu , Xiaoxi Zhang , Chee Wei Tan , Xu Chen

Federated Self-Supervised Learning (FSSL) integrates the privacy advantages of distributed training with the capability of self-supervised learning to leverage unlabeled data, showing strong potential across applications. However, recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Jiayao Wang , Yiping Zhang , Jiale Zhang , Wenliang Yuan , Qilin Wu , Junwu Zhu , Dongfang Zhao

Federated learning (FL) has been demonstrated to be susceptible to backdoor attacks. However, existing academic studies on FL backdoor attacks rely on a high proportion of real clients with main task-related data, which is impractical. In…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Minghui Li , Wei Wan , Yuxuan Ning , Shengshan Hu , Lulu Xue , Leo Yu Zhang , Yichen Wang

Federated Learning (FL) is an innovative approach to distributed machine learning. While FL offers significant privacy advantages, it also faces security challenges, particularly from poisoning attacks where adversaries deliberately…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Borja Molina-Coronado

In a federated learning (FL) system, decentralized data owners (clients) could upload their locally trained models to a central server, to jointly train a global model. Malicious clients may plant backdoors into the global model through…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Songze Li , Yanbo Dai

Federated Learning (FL) enables multiple parties to train machine learning models collaboratively without sharing the raw training data. However, the federated nature of FL enables malicious clients to influence a trained model by injecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Sheldon C. Ebron , Meiying Zhang , Kan Yang

Federated learning (FL) addresses privacy and data-silo issues in the training of large language models (LLMs). Most prior work focuses on improving the efficiency of federated learning for LLMs (FedLLM). However, security in open federated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Mingxiang Tao , Yu Tian , Wenxuan Tu , Yue Yang , Xue Yang , Xiangyan Tang

Federated learning (FL) triggers intra-client and inter-client class imbalance, with the latter compared to the former leading to biased client updates and thus deteriorating the distributed models. Such a bias is exacerbated during the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Chenguang Xiao , Zheming Zuo , Shuo Wang

Federated Learning (FL) as a distributed learning paradigm that aggregates information from diverse clients to train a shared global model, has demonstrated great success. However, malicious clients can perform poisoning attacks and model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Chulin Xie , Minghao Chen , Pin-Yu Chen , Bo Li

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a collaborative approach that allows multiple clients to jointly learn a machine learning model without sharing their private data. The concern about privacy leakage, albeit demonstrated under specific…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Hanlin Gu , Jiahuan Luo , Yan Kang , Yuan Yao , Gongxi Zhu , Bowen Li , Lixin Fan , Qiang Yang

Federated Learning (FL) is a technique that allows multiple parties to train a shared model collaboratively without disclosing their private data. It has become increasingly popular due to its distinct privacy advantages. However, FL models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Syed Irfan Ali Meerza , Jian Liu

Federated Graph Neural Network (FedGNN) integrate federated learning (FL) with graph neural networks (GNNs) to enable privacy-preserving training on distributed graph data. Vertical Federated Graph Neural Network (VFGNN), a key branch of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Jirui Yang , Peng Chen , Zhihui Lu , Ruijun Deng , Qiang Duan , Jianping Zeng

Federated learning (FL) is vulnerable to poisoning attacks, where adversaries corrupt the global aggregation results and cause denial-of-service (DoS). Unlike recent model poisoning attacks that optimize the amplitude of malicious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Hangtao Zhang , Zeming Yao , Leo Yu Zhang , Shengshan Hu , Chao Chen , Alan Liew , Zhetao Li

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training without centralizing client data, making it attractive for privacy-sensitive domains. While existing approaches employ cryptographic techniques such as homomorphic encryption,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Sahar Ghoflsaz Ghinani , Elaheh Sadredini

Due to the distributed nature of Federated Learning (FL), researchers have uncovered that FL is vulnerable to backdoor attacks, which aim at injecting a sub-task into the FL without corrupting the performance of the main task. Single-shot…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Tian Liu , Xueyang Hu , Tao Shu

Federated learning (FL) enables privacy-preserving collaborative model training but remains vulnerable to adversarial behaviors that compromise model utility or fairness across sensitive groups. While extensive studies have examined attacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Yanli Li , Yanan Zhou , Zhongliang Guo , Nan Yang , Yuning Zhang , Huaming Chen , Dong Yuan , Weiping Ding , Witold Pedrycz

Federated Learning (FL) is designed as a decentralized, privacy-preserving machine learning paradigm that enables multiple clients to collaboratively train a model without sharing their data. In real-world scenarios, however, clients often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Maulidi Adi Prasetia , Muhamad Risqi U. Saputra , Guntur Dharma Putra

Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralised model training across distributed clients without requiring data centralisation. However, the generalisation performance of the global model is usually degraded by data heterogeneity across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Ozgu Goksu , Nicolas Pugeault

Motivated by the ever-increasing concerns on personal data privacy and the rapidly growing data volume at local clients, federated learning (FL) has emerged as a new machine learning setting. An FL system is comprised of a central parameter…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Xiang Ma , Haijian Sun , Rose Qingyang Hu , Yi Qian

Federated learning is a decentralized machine learning approach where clients train models locally and share model updates to develop a global model. This enables low-resource devices to collaboratively build a high-quality model without…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Li Bai , Haibo Hu , Qingqing Ye , Haoyang Li , Leixia Wang , Jianliang Xu