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Salamander-like quadruped robots are designed inspired by the skeletal structure of their biological counterparts. However, existing controllers cannot fully exploit these morphological features and largely rely on predefined gait patterns…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Zhiang Liu , Yang Liu , Yongchun Fang , Xian Guo

This study presents an emotion-aware navigation framework -- EmoBipedNav -- using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) for bipedal robots walking in socially interactive environments. The inherent locomotion constraints of bipedal robots…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Wei Zhu , Abirath Raju , Abdulaziz Shamsah , Anqi Wu , Seth Hutchinson , Ye Zhao

Locomotive soft robots (SoRos) have gained prominence due to their adaptability. Traditional locomotive SoRo design is based on limb structures inspired by biological organisms and requires human intervention. Evolutionary robotics,…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Hiroki Kobayashi , Farzad Gholami , S. Macrae Montgomery , Masato Tanaka , Liang Yue , Changyoung Yuhn , Yuki Sato , Atsushi Kawamoto , H. Jerry Qi , Tsuyoshi Nomura

This paper presents AquaMILR+, an untethered limbless robot designed for agile navigation in complex aquatic environments. The robot features a bilateral actuation mechanism that models musculoskeletal actuation in many anguilliform…

Soft robotics has the potential to revolutionize robotic locomotion, in particular, soft robotic swimmers offer a minimally invasive and adaptive solution to explore and preserve our oceans. Unfortunately, current soft robotic swimmers are…

Here we present HAMR-Jr, a \SI{22.5}{\milli\meter}, \SI{320}{\milli\gram} quadrupedal microrobot. With eight independently actuated degrees of freedom, HAMR-Jr is, to our knowledge, the most mechanically dexterous legged robot at its scale…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Kaushik Jayaram , Jennifer Shum , Samantha Castellanos , E. Farrell Helbling , Robert J. Wood

Mudskippers are unique amphibious fish capable of locomotion in diverse environments, including terrestrial surfaces, aquatic habitats, and highly viscous substrates such as mud. This versatile locomotion is largely enabled by their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Shashwat Singh , Sheri Zhang , Spencer Matonis , Zeynep Temel

This paper introduces a novel approach for modeling the dynamics of soft robots, utilizing a differentiable filter architecture. The proposed approach enables end-to-end training to learn system dynamics, noise characteristics, and temporal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Xiao Liu , Shuhei Ikemoto , Yuhei Yoshimitsu , Heni Ben Amor

Modular Self-Reconfigurable Robot (MSRR) systems are a class of robots capable of forming higher-level robotic systems by altering the topological relationships between modules, offering enhanced adaptability and robustness in various…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Jie Gu , Tin Lun Lam , Chunxu Tian , Zhihao Xia , Yongheng Xing , Dan Zhang

Despite the progress in legged robotic locomotion, autonomous navigation in unknown environments remains an open problem. Ideally, the navigation system utilizes the full potential of the robots' locomotion capabilities while operating…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Jonas Frey , David Hoeller , Shehryar Khattak , Marco Hutter

In this paper, we propose a novel design of a hybrid mobile robot with controllable stiffness and deformable shape. Compared to conventional mobile agents, our system can switch between rigid and compliant phases by solidifying or melting…

We present a new open-source torque-controlled legged robot system, with a low-cost and low-complexity actuator module at its core. It consists of a high-torque brushless DC motor and a low-gear-ratio transmission suitable for impedance and…

Magnetic navigation systems, including magnetic tracking systems and magnetic actuation systems, have shown great potential for occlusion-free localization and remote control of intracorporeal medical devices and robots in minimally…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Heng Wang , Haoyu Song , Jiatao Zheng , Yuxiang Han , Kunli Wang

We propose a mechanically simple and cheap design for a series elastic actuator with controllable stiffness. Such characteristics are necessary for animals for running, jumping, throwing, and manipulation, yet in robots, variable stiffness…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Sajiv Shah , Brad Saund

An accurate, physically-based, and differentiable model of soft robots can unlock downstream applications in optimal control. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is an expressive approach for modeling highly deformable structures such as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Mathieu Dubied , Mike Michelis , Andrew Spielberg , Robert Katzschmann

Many animals, modern aircraft, and underwater vehicles use streamlined body shapes that reduce fluid dynamic drag to achieve fast and effective locomotion in air and water. Similarly, numerous small terrestrial animals move through…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 Chen Li , Andrew O. Pullin , Duncan W. Haldane , Han K. Lam , Ronald S. Fearing , Robert J. Full

Passive deformation due to compliance is a commonly used benefit of soft robots, providing opportunities to achieve robust actuation with few active degrees of freedom. Soft growing robots in particular have shown promise in navigation of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Francesco Fuentes , Serigne Diagne , Zachary Kingston , Laura H. Blumenschein

Underwater robotics has advanced significantly over recent decades. however, the development of miniaturized underwater robots remains limited by low energy densities of traditional power sources. Nature offers compelling…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Chongze Bi , Wenjie Wu , Zonghao Zuo , Li Wen

Bioinspired snake robotics has been a highly active area of research over the years and resulted in many prototypes. Much of these prototypes takes the form of serially jointed-rigid bodies. The emergence of soft robotics contributed to a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-08-15 Isuru S. Godage

Much of the Earth and many surfaces of extraterrestrial bodies are composed of in-cohesive particle matter. Locomoting on granular terrain is challenging for common robotic devices, either wheeled or legged. In this work, we discover a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Bangyuan Liu , Tianyu Wang , Velin Kojouharov , Frank L. Hammond , Daniel I. Goldman