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Recent years have witnessed the adoption of optical circuit switch (OCS) technology. How to design the physical topology, defined by the physical wiring between electrical switching equipments and the OCS, is fundamental to designing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Xinchi Han , Yongxi Lv , Weihao Jiang , Shuyuan Zhang , Yingming Mao , Shizhen Zhao , ZhuoRan Liu , Zhuotao Liu , Peirui Cao , Ximeng Liu , Xinbing Wang

Machine learning training places immense demands on cluster networks, motivating specialized architectures and co-design with parallelization strategies. Recent designs incorporating optical circuit switches (OCSes) are promising, offering…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Daniel Amir , Ori Cohen , Jakob Krebs , Mark Silberstein

Optical Circuit Switching (OCS) technology is increasingly being adopted in data centers due to its advantages of low power consumption and low technology refresh costs. Unlike electrical packet switches, OCS provides programmable bandwidth…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Zihan Zhu , Xinchi Han , Dongchao Wu , Zhanbang Zhang , Jian Yang , Shizhen Zhao , Xinbing Wang

Coflow provides a key application-layer abstraction for capturing communication patterns, enabling the efficient coordination of parallel data flows to reduce job completion times in distributed systems. Modern data center networks (DCNs)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Xin Wang , Hong Shen , Hui Tian , Dong Wang

The efficient implementation of collective communiction operations has received much attention. Initial efforts produced "optimal" trees based on network communication models that assumed equal point-to-point latencies between any two…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2007-05-23 N. T. Karonis , B. de Supinski , I. Foster , W. Gropp , E. Lusk

Distributed machine learning (DML) technology makes it possible to train large neural networks in a reasonable amount of time. Meanwhile, as the computing power grows much faster than network capacity, network communication has gradually…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Xinchi Han , Weihao Jiang , Peirui Cao , Qinwei Yang , Yunzhuo Liu , Shuyao Qi , Shengkai Lin , Shizhen Zhao

The rapid growth of AI training has dramatically increased datacenter traffic demand and energy consumption, which has motivated renewed interest in optical circuit switches (OCSes) as a high-bandwidth, energy-efficient alternative for AI…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Kevin Liang , Litao Qiao , Isaac Keslassy , Bill Lin

Efficient deployment of a pre-trained LLM to a cluster with multiple servers is a critical step for providing fast responses to users' queries. The recent success of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) LLMs raises the question of how to deploy them…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Danil Sivtsov , Aleksandr Katrutsa , Ivan Oseledets

The Compute Express Link (CXL) interconnect enables compute "pods" that pool memory across servers to reduce cost and improve efficiency. These pods also facilitate pairwise communication whose needs conflict with pooling. Importantly,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Yuhong Zhong , Fiodar Kazhamiaka , Pantea Zardoshti , Shuwei Teng , Rodrigo Fonseca , Mark D. Hill , Daniel S. Berger

Numerous optical circuit switched data center networks have been proposed over the past decade for higher capacity, though commercial adoption of these architectures have been minimal so far. One major challenge commonly facing these…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Min Yee Teh , Shizhen Zhao , Keren Bergman

State-of-the-art topologies for datacenters (DC) and high-performance computing (HPC) networks are demand-oblivious and static. Therefore, such network topologies are optimized for the worst-case traffic scenarios and can't take advantage…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Chen Griner , Gil Einziger , Chen Avin

Network-on-chip (NoC) architectures have been proposed as a promising alternative to classical bus-based communication architectures. In this paper, we propose a two phases framework to solve application-specific NoCs topology generation…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-02-12 Bei Yu , Sheqin Dong , Song Chen , Satoshi Goto

The rapid scaling of large language models (LLMs) exacerbates communication bottlenecks in AI data centers (AIDCs). To overcome this, optical circuit switches (OCS) are increasingly adopted for their superior bandwidth capacity and energy…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Niangen Ye , Jingya Liu , Guofu Zhu , Weiqiang Sun , Weisheng Hu

Extreme-scale data centers are the backbone of next-generation computing, enabling breakthroughs in science, artificial intelligence, and global innovation through unprecedented processing power and scalability. This work examines…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Alejandro Cano , Cristina Brinza , Cristóbal Camarero , Carmen Martínez , Ramón Beivide

In the last few decades, data center architecture evolved from the traditional client-server to access-aggregation-core architectures. Recently there is a new shift in the data center architecture due to the increasing need for low latency…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-21 Mujahid Sultan , Dodi Imbuido , Kam Patel , James MacDonald , Kumar Ratnam

Emerging reconfigurable optical communication technologies allow to enhance datacenter topologies with demand-aware links optimized towards traffic patterns. This paper studies the algorithmic problem of jointly optimizing topology and…

Performance · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Wenkai Dai , Michael Dinitz , Klaus-Tycho Foerster , Long Luo , Stefan Schmid

Mixture-of-experts (MoE) architectures have turned LLM serving into a cluster-scale workload in which communication consumes a considerable portion of LLM serving runtime. This has prompted industry to invest heavily in expensive…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Junsun Choi , Sam Son , Sunjin Choi , Hansung Kim , Yakun Sophia Shao , Scott Shenker , Sylvia Ratnasamy , Borivoje Nikolic

Collaborative edge computing (CEC) is an emerging paradigm where heterogeneous edge devices collaborate to fulfill computation tasks, such as model training or video processing, by sharing communication and computation resources.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Jinkun Zhang , Yuezhou Liu , Edmund Yeh

Datacenter network design plays a critical role in AI training by supporting scaling to thousands of accelerators. An open problem, designing a near-optimal throughput oriented network-topology, routing, and collectives-has not been…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Conor James Green , Mithuna Thottethodi

Due to the requirement of hosting tens of thousands of hosts in today's data centers, data center networks strive for scalability and high throughput on the one hand. On the other hand, the cost for networking hardware should be minimized.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-10-12 Frank Dürr
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