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While Transformer networks benefit from a global receptive field, their quadratic cost relative to sequence length restricts their application to long sequences and high-resolution inputs. We introduce Fast Multipole Attention (FMA), a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Yanming Kang , Giang Tran , Hans De Sterck

Diffusion models excel in high-fidelity image generation but face scalability limits due to transformers' quadratic attention complexity. Plug-and-play token reduction methods like ToMeSD and ToFu reduce FLOPs by merging redundant tokens in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Wenbo Lu , Shaoyi Zheng , Yuxuan Xia , Shengjie Wang

Currently, one main research line in designing a more efficient vision transformer is reducing the computational cost of self attention modules by adopting sparse attention or using local attention windows. In contrast, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Haokui Zhang , Wenze Hu , Xiaoyu Wang

Time series forecasting has important applications in financial analysis, weather forecasting, and traffic management. However, existing deep learning models are limited in processing non-stationary time series data because they cannot…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Yuqi Xiong , Yang Wen

Transformers and large language models (LLMs), powered by the attention mechanism, have transformed numerous AI applications, driving the need for specialized hardware accelerators. A major challenge in these accelerators is efficiently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Vasileios Titopoulos , Kosmas Alexandridis , Giorgos Dimitrakopoulos

Transformer-based models have demonstrated exceptional performance across diverse domains, becoming the state-of-the-art solution for addressing sequential machine learning problems. Even though we have a general understanding of the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-06-12 Ángel Poc-López , Miguel Aguilera

Transformer-based language models utilize the attention mechanism for substantial performance improvements in almost all natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Similar attention structures are also extensively studied in several other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Nurullah Sevim , Ege Ozan Özyedek , Furkan Şahinuç , Aykut Koç

Transformer-based models have emerged as one of the most widely used architectures for natural language processing, natural language generation, and image generation. The size of the state-of-the-art models has increased steadily reaching…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Rya Sanovar , Srikant Bharadwaj , Renee St. Amant , Victor Rühle , Saravan Rajmohan

Training-free video editing (VE) models tend to fall back on gender stereotypes when rendering profession-related prompts. We propose \textbf{FAME} for \textit{Fairness-aware Attention-modulated Video Editing} that mitigates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Zhangkai Wu , Xuhui Fan , Zhongyuan Xie , Kaize Shi , Zhidong Li , Longbing Cao

In text-to-image diffusion models, the cross-attention map of each text token indicates the specific image regions attended. Comparing these maps of syntactically related tokens provides insights into how well the generated image reflects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Jeeyung Kim , Erfan Esmaeili , Qiang Qiu

We characterize the pre-softmax attention matrix $\mathbf{QK^\top}$ in transformers as an associative memory matrix encoding pairwise associations between input features. By decomposing this matrix into its symmetric and skew-symmetric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Hyunmin Cho , Woo Kyoung Han , Kyong Hwan Jin

Accurate beam prediction is essential for maintaining reliable links and high spectral efficiency in dynamic low-altitude wireless networks. However, existing approaches often fail to capture the deep correlations across heterogeneous…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-03 Xiaotong Zhao , Yuanhao Cui , Weijie Yuan , Ziye Jia , Heng Liu , Chengwen Xing

Diffusion models have shown impressive results in generating high-quality conditional samples using guidance techniques such as Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG). However, existing methods often require additional training or neural function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Kwanyoung Kim , Byeongsu Sim

The enhancement of spectrum efficiency and the realization of secure spectrum utilization are critically dependent on spectrum cognition. However, existing spectrum cognition methods often exhibit limited generalization and suboptimal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-12 Chunyu Liu , Hao Zhang , Wei Wu , Fuhui Zhou , Qihui Wu , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Chan-Byoung Chae

Intelligent spectrum management is crucial for improving spectrum efficiency and achieving secure utilization of spectrum resources. However, existing intelligent spectrum management methods, typically based on small-scale models, suffer…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-16 Fuhui Zhou , Chunyu Liu , Hao Zhang , Wei Wu , Qihui Wu , Tony Q. S. Quek , Chan-Byoung Chae

Recent learning-based image classification and speech recognition approaches make extensive use of attention mechanisms to achieve state-of-the-art recognition power, which demonstrates the effectiveness of attention mechanisms. Motivated…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-12 Shangao Lin , Yuan Zeng , Yi Gong

Attention sinks -- tokens that receive disproportionate attention mass -- are assumed to be functionally important in autoregressive language models, but their role in diffusion transformers remains unclear. We present a causal analysis in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Fangzheng Wu , Brian Summa

The Transformer architecture, a cornerstone of modern Large Language Models (LLMs), has achieved extraordinary success in sequence modeling, primarily due to its attention mechanism. However, despite its power, the standard attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Zichuan Fu , Wentao Song , Guojing Li , Yejing Wang , Xian Wu , Yimin Deng , Hanyu Yan , Yefeng Zheng , Xiangyu Zhao

While transformer models have been highly successful, they are computationally inefficient. We observe that for each layer, the full width of the layer may be needed only for a small subset of tokens inside a batch and that the "effective"…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Bartosz Wójcik , Alessio Devoto , Karol Pustelnik , Pasquale Minervini , Simone Scardapane

Factorization Machines (FMs) are a supervised learning approach that enhances the linear regression model by incorporating the second-order feature interactions. Despite effectiveness, FM can be hindered by its modelling of all feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-17 Jun Xiao , Hao Ye , Xiangnan He , Hanwang Zhang , Fei Wu , Tat-Seng Chua