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Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, such as backdoor attacks in which a malicious adversary compromises a model during training such that specific behaviour can be triggered at test time by attaching a specific word…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-21 You Guo , Jun Wang , Trevor Cohn

Backdoor attacks against CNNs represent a new threat against deep learning systems, due to the possibility of corrupting the training set so to induce an incorrect behaviour at test time. To avoid that the trainer recognises the presence of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-01 Mauro Barni , Kassem Kallas , Benedetta Tondi

As object detection becomes integral to many safety-critical applications, understanding its vulnerabilities is essential. Backdoor attacks, in particular, pose a serious threat by implanting hidden triggers in victim models, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Jialin Lu , Junjie Shan , Ziqi Zhao , Ka-Ho Chow

As object detection becomes integral to many safety-critical applications, understanding its vulnerabilities is essential. Backdoor attacks, in particular, pose a serious threat by implanting hidden triggers in victim models, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Jialin Lu , Junjie Shan , Ziqi Zhao , Ka-Ho Chow

Large pre-trained models have achieved notable success across a range of downstream tasks. However, recent research shows that a type of adversarial attack ($\textit{i.e.,}$ backdoor attack) can manipulate the behavior of machine learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Dongliang Guo , Mengxuan Hu , Zihan Guan , Junfeng Guo , Thomas Hartvigsen , Sheng Li

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial examples, which are slightly perturbed input images which lead DNNs to make wrong predictions. To protect from such examples, various defense strategies have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Mingjun Yin , Shasha Li , Chengyu Song , M. Salman Asif , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury , Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy

Backdoors and adversarial examples are the two primary threats currently faced by deep neural networks (DNNs). Both attacks attempt to hijack the model behaviors with unintended outputs by introducing (small) perturbations to the inputs.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Yunjie Ge , Qian Wang , Huayang Huang , Qi Li , Cong Wang , Chao Shen , Lingchen Zhao , Peipei Jiang , Zheng Fang , Shenyi Zhang

Backdoors and poisoning attacks are a major threat to the security of machine-learning and vision systems. Often, however, these attacks leave visible artifacts in the images that can be visually detected and weaken the efficacy of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Erwin Quiring , Konrad Rieck

Recent studies show that neural natural language processing (NLP) models are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Injected with backdoors, models perform normally on benign examples but produce attacker-specified predictions when the backdoor is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Fanchao Qi , Yuan Yao , Sophia Xu , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Recent studies have shown that deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where a designed trigger is injected into the dataset, causing erroneous predictions when activated. In this paper, we propose a novel defense…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Wenjie Huo , Katinka Wolter

Despite remarkable successes in unimodal learning tasks, backdoor attacks against cross-modal learning are still underexplored due to the limited generalization and inferior stealthiness when involving multiple modalities. Notably, since…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Zheng Zhang , Xu Yuan , Lei Zhu , Jingkuan Song , Liqiang Nie

Contrastive language-image pretraining (CLIP) has been found to be vulnerable to poisoning backdoor attacks where the adversary can achieve an almost perfect attack success rate on CLIP models by poisoning only 0.01\% of the training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Hanxun Huang , Sarah Erfani , Yige Li , Xingjun Ma , James Bailey

Model pruning has gained traction as a promising defense strategy against backdoor attacks in deep learning. However, existing pruning-based approaches often fall short in accurately identifying and removing the specific parameters…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Kealan Dunnett , Reza Arablouei , Dimity Miller , Volkan Dedeoglu , Raja Jurdak

Backdoor attacks impose a new threat in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), where a backdoor is inserted into the neural network by poisoning the training dataset, misclassifying inputs that contain the adversary trigger. The major challenge for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Yue Wang , Wenqing Li , Esha Sarkar , Muhammad Shafique , Michail Maniatakos , Saif Eddin Jabari

DNN is presenting human-level performance for many complex intelligent tasks in real-world applications. However, it also introduces ever-increasing security concerns. For example, the emerging adversarial attacks indicate that even very…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-21 Qi Liu , Tao Liu , Zihao Liu , Yanzhi Wang , Yier Jin , Wujie Wen

The advent of multimodal deep learning models, such as CLIP, has unlocked new frontiers in a wide range of applications, from image-text understanding to classification tasks. However, these models are not safe for adversarial attacks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Md. Iqbal Hossain , Afia Sajeeda , Neeresh Kumar Perla , Ming Shao

Recent studies have highlighted the vulnerability of deep neural networks to backdoor attacks, where models are manipulated to rely on embedded triggers within poisoned samples, despite the presence of both benign and trigger information.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Mingli Zhu , Shaokui Wei , Hongyuan Zha , Baoyuan Wu

Backdoor attacks can implant malicious behaviours into deep models while preserving performance on clean data, posing a serious threat to safety-critical vision systems. Although backdoor mitigation has been studied extensively for image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Kealan Dunnett , Reza Arablouei , Dimity Miller , Volkan Dedeoglu , Raja Jurdak

Recent work has proposed the concept of backdoor attacks on deep neural networks (DNNs), where misbehaviors are hidden inside "normal" models, only to be triggered by very specific inputs. In practice, however, these attacks are difficult…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Yuanshun Yao , Huiying Li , Haitao Zheng , Ben Y. Zhao

Machine unlearning has emerged as a key component in ensuring ``Right to be Forgotten'', enabling the removal of specific data points from trained models. However, even when the unlearning is performed without poisoning the forget-set…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Marco Arazzi , Antonino Nocera , Vinod P