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Vision language models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success in broad visual understanding, yet they remain challenged by object-centric reasoning on rare objects due to the scarcity of such instances in pretraining data. While prior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Xin Hu , Haomiao Ni , Yunbei Zhang , Jihun Hamm , Zechen Li , Zhengming Ding

A fundamental reason for the dominance of attention over RNNs and LSTMs in LLMs is its ability to capture long-range dependencies by modeling direct interactions between all tokens, overcoming the sequential limitations of recurrent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Junyang Zhang , Tianyi Zhu , Thierry Tambe

Vision-Language Tracking (VLT) aims to localize a target in video sequences using a visual template and language description. While textual cues enhance tracking potential, current datasets typically contain much more image data than text,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 X. Feng , D. Zhang , S. Hu , X. Li , M. Wu , J. Zhang , X. Chen , K. Huang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) demand substantial computational resources during inference, largely due to the extensive visual input tokens for representing visual information. Previous studies have noted that visual tokens tend to receive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Cheng Yang , Yang Sui , Jinqi Xiao , Lingyi Huang , Yu Gong , Chendi Li , Jinghua Yan , Yu Bai , Ponnuswamy Sadayappan , Xia Hu , Bo Yuan

In this work, we propose a training-free method to inject visual prompts into Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) through test-time optimization of a learnable latent variable. We observe that attention, as the core module of MLLMs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Mingrui Wu , Xinyue Cai , Jiayi Ji , Jiale Li , Oucheng Huang , Gen Luo , Hao Fei , Guannan Jiang , Xiaoshuai Sun , Rongrong Ji

In this paper, we present token labeling -- a new training objective for training high-performance vision transformers (ViTs). Different from the standard training objective of ViTs that computes the classification loss on an additional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Zihang Jiang , Qibin Hou , Li Yuan , Daquan Zhou , Yujun Shi , Xiaojie Jin , Anran Wang , Jiashi Feng

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel in vision-language tasks, such as image captioning and visual question answering. However, they often suffer from over-reliance on spurious correlations, primarily due to linguistic priors that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yixuan Wu , Yang Zhang , Jian Wu , Philip Torr , Jindong Gu

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) encode visual inputs as dense sequences of patch-level tokens to capture fine-grained semantics. These visual tokens often outnumber their textual counterparts by a large margin, leading to substantial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Rui Xu , Yunke Wang , Yong Luo , Bo Du

Recently, the remarkable success of ChatGPT has sparked a renewed wave of interest in artificial intelligence (AI), and the advancements in visual language models (VLMs) have pushed this enthusiasm to new heights. Differring from previous…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Lijie Tao , Haokui Zhang , Haizhao Jing , Yu Liu , Dawei Yan , Guoting Wei , Xizhe Xue

Visual tokens dominate inference cost in vision-language models (VLMs), yet many carry redundant information. Existing pruning methods alleviate this but typically rely on attention magnitude or similarity scores. We reformulate visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Landi He , Xiaoyu Yang , Lijian Xu

Graphical User Interface (GUI) grounding plays a crucial role in enhancing the capabilities of Vision-Language Model (VLM) agents. While general VLMs, such as GPT-4V, demonstrate strong performance across various tasks, their proficiency in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Anthony Nguyen

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have enabled a wide range of advanced vision-language applications, including fine-grained object recognition and contextual understanding. When querying specific regions or objects in an image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Mingjie Xu , Jinpeng Chen , Yuzhi Zhao , Jason Chun Lok Li , Yue Qiu , Zekang Du , Mengyang Wu , Pingping Zhang , Kun Li , Hongzheng Yang , Wenao Ma , Jiaheng Wei , Qinbin Li , Kangcheng Liu , Wenqiang Lei

The development of 3D Vision-Language Models (VLMs), crucial for applications in robotics, autonomous driving, and augmented reality, is severely constrained by the scarcity of paired 3D-text data. Existing methods rely solely on next-token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yuanhao Su , Shaofeng Zhang , Xiaosong Jia , Qi Fan

The architecture of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) commonly connects a vision encoder, often based on CLIP-ViT, to a large language model. While CLIP-ViT works well for capturing global image features, it struggles to model local…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Haoran Lou , Chunxiao Fan , Ziyan Liu , Yuexin Wu , Xinliang Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown strong performance on Video Temporal Grounding (VTG). However, their coarse recognition capabilities are insufficient for fine-grained temporal understanding, making task-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Jiwook Han , Geo Ahn , Youngrae Kim , Jinwoo Choi

Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) has advanced the performance of many vision-language tasks, such as image-text retrieval, visual entailment, and visual reasoning. The pre-training mostly utilizes lexical databases and image queries in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Yasmine Karoui , Rémi Lebret , Negar Foroutan , Karl Aberer

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in aligning visual and textual modalities, enabling a wide range of applications in multimodal understanding and generation. While they excel in zero-shot and transfer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Hao Dong , Moru Liu , Jian Liang , Eleni Chatzi , Olga Fink

Unlike Object Detection, Visual Grounding task necessitates the detection of an object described by complex free-form language. To simultaneously model such complex semantic and visual representations, recent state-of-the-art studies adopt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Weitai Kang , Luowei Zhou , Junyi Wu , Changchang Sun , Yan Yan

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown strong performance in tasks like visual question answering and multimodal text generation, but their effectiveness in scientific domains such as materials science remains limited. While some machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 An Vuong , Minh-Hao Van , Prateek Verma , Chen Zhao , Xintao Wu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in aligning visual inputs with natural language outputs. Yet, the extent to which generated tokens depend on visual modalities remains poorly understood,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Ruoyu Chen , Xiaoqing Guo , Kangwei Liu , Siyuan Liang , Shiming Liu , Qunli Zhang , Laiyuan Wang , Hua Zhang , Xiaochun Cao