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Low-bit post-training quantization (PTQ) is a practical route to deploy reasoning-capable LLMs under tight memory and latency budgets, yet it can markedly impair mathematical reasoning (drops up to 69.81% in our harder settings). We address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zhen Li , Yupeng Su , Songmiao Wang , Runming Yang , Congkai Xie , Aofan Liu , Ming Li , Jiannong Cao , Yuan Xie , Ngai Wong , Hongxia Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are often used as automated judges to evaluate text, but their effectiveness can be hindered by various unintentional biases. We propose using linear classifying probes, trained by leveraging differences between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Sharan Maiya , Yinhong Liu , Ramit Debnath , Anna Korhonen

Real-world open-domain questions can be complicated, particularly when answering them involves information from multiple information sources. LLMs have demonstrated impressive performance in decomposing complex tasks into simpler steps, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Peter Baile Chen , Yi Zhang , Michael Cafarella , Dan Roth

This paper develops an algorithmic-based approach for proving inductive properties of propositional sequent systems such as admissibility, invertibility, cut-elimination, and identity expansion. Although undecidable in general, these…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Carlos Olarte , Elaine Pimentel , Camilo Rocha

We propose cognitive prompting as a novel approach to guide problem-solving in large language models (LLMs) through structured, human-like cognitive operations, such as goal clarification, decomposition, filtering, abstraction, and pattern…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Oliver Kramer , Jill Baumann

Attribution is crucial in question answering (QA) with Large Language Models (LLMs).SOTA question decomposition-based approaches use long form answers to generate questions for retrieving related documents. However, the generated questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Zhichao Yan , Jiaoyan Chen , Jiapu Wang , Xiaoli Li , Ru Li , Jeff Z. Pan

While small language models (SLMs) have shown promise on various reasoning tasks, their ability to judge the correctness of answers remains unclear compared to large language models (LLMs). Prior work on LLM-as-a-judge frameworks typically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Zhenyu Bi , Gaurav Srivastava , Yang Li , Meng Lu , Swastik Roy , Morteza Ziyadi , Xuan Wang

Pairwise comparisons from multiple judges are central to large language model evaluation and preference modeling, yet standard ranking pipelines often pool judgments into a single score vector, treating systematic judge disagreement as…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-08 Shibo Yu , Yingzhou Wang , Yan Chen , Guodong Li , Jin-Hong Du

Autoformalization plays a crucial role in formal mathematical reasoning by enabling the automatic translation of natural language statements into formal languages. While recent advances using large language models (LLMs) have shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Lan Zhang , Marco Valentino , Andre Freitas

LLM-as-a-Judge has been widely utilized as an evaluation method in various benchmarks and served as supervised rewards in model training. However, despite their excellence in many domains, potential issues are under-explored, undermining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Jiayi Ye , Yanbo Wang , Yue Huang , Dongping Chen , Qihui Zhang , Nuno Moniz , Tian Gao , Werner Geyer , Chao Huang , Pin-Yu Chen , Nitesh V Chawla , Xiangliang Zhang

Question Answering (QA) is a longstanding challenge in natural language processing. Existing QA works mostly focus on specific question types, knowledge domains, or reasoning skills. The specialty in QA research hinders systems from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Wanjun Zhong , Yifan Gao , Ning Ding , Yujia Qin , Zhiyuan Liu , Ming Zhou , Jiahai Wang , Jian Yin , Nan Duan

LLM-as-a-judge models have been used for evaluating both human and AI generated content, specifically by providing scores and rationales. Rationales, in addition to increasing transparency, help models learn to calibrate its judgments.…

Abductive reasoning - the search for plausible explanations - has long been central to human inquiry, from forensics to medicine and scientific discovery. Yet formal approaches in AI have largely reduced abduction to eliminative search:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Remo Pareschi

We present a logic named L_{LF} whose intended use is to formalize properties of specifications developed in the dependently typed lambda calculus LF. The logic is parameterized by the LF signature that constitutes the specification. Atomic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Gopalan Nadathur , Mary Southern

LLM as judge systems used to assess text quality code correctness and argument strength are vulnerable to prompt injection attacks. We introduce a framework that separates content author attacks from system prompt attacks and evaluate five…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Narek Maloyan , Dmitry Namiot

Recent works in Natural Language Inference (NLI) and related tasks, such as automated fact-checking, employ atomic fact decomposition to enhance interpretability and robustness. For this, existing methods rely on resource-intensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Nicholas Popovič , Michael Färber

LLMs are widely used, yet they remain prone to factual errors that erode user trust and limit adoption in high-risk settings. One approach to mitigate this risk is to equip models with uncertainty estimation mechanisms that abstain when…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Shani Goren , Ido Galil , Ran El-Yaniv

LLM-as-a-Judge has become a dominant approach in automated evaluation systems, playing critical roles in model alignment, leaderboard construction, quality control, and so on. However, the scalability and trustworthiness of this approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Jinming Yang , Zheng Hu , Chuxian Qiu , Zhenyu Deng , Xinshan Jiao , Tao Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) can perform recommendation tasks by taking prompts written in natural language as input. Compared to traditional methods such as collaborative filtering, LLM-based recommendation offers advantages in handling…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Genki Kusano , Kosuke Akimoto , Kunihiro Takeoka

The $\textit{LLM-as-a-judge}$ paradigm has become the operational backbone of automated AI evaluation pipelines, yet rests on an unverified assumption: that judges evaluate text strictly on its semantic content, impervious to surrounding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Manan Gupta , Inderjeet Nair , Lu Wang , Dhruv Kumar
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