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A laser frequency combs is a broad spectrum composed of equidistant narrow lines. Initially invented for frequency metrology, such combs enable new approaches to spectroscopy over broad spectral bandwidths, of particular relevance to…

Optics · Physics 2019-03-01 Nathalie Picqué , Theodor W. Hänsch

Optical frequency combs are key to optical precision measurements. While most frequency combs operate in the near-infrared regime, many applications require combs at mid-infrared, visible or even ultra-violet wavelengths. Frequency combs…

Frequency combs are light sources with coherent evenly-spaced lines. It has been observed that in certain laser systems, combs can form whose output is frequency-modulated (FM) in time. In this state, they produce an output whose frequency…

Optics · Physics 2020-06-23 David Burghoff

Frequency metrology lies at the heart of precision measurement. Optical frequency combs provide a coherent link uniting the microwave and optical domains in the electromagnetic spectrum, with profound implications in timekeeping, sensing…

High speed optical telecommunication is enabled by wavelength division multiplexing, whereby hundreds of individually stabilized lasers encode the information within a single mode optical fiber. In the seek for larger bandwidth the optical…

The outstanding phase-noise performance of optical frequency combs has led to a revolution in optical synthesis and metrology, covering a myriad of applications, from molecular spectroscopy to laser ranging and optical communications.…

Optics · Physics 2014-03-13 Victor Torres-Company , Andrew M. Weiner

Kerr optical frequency combs with multi-gigahertz spacing have previously been demonstrated in chip-scale microresonators, with potential applications in coherent communication, spectroscopy, arbitrary waveform generation, and radio…

Laser-driven high-Q Kerr-nonlinear optical microresonators enable parametric oscillation with low-power continuous-wave lasers and host a variety of coherent dissipative structures, including dissipative Kerr solitons and switching waves.…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-08 Tobias Herr , Alexey Tikan , Tobias J. Kippenberg

Frequency combs represent exceptionally precise measurement tools due to the coherence of their spectral lines. While optical frequency comb sources constitute a well-established technology, superconducting circuits provide a relatively…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-12-12 Angelo Greco , Xavier Ballu , Francesco Giazotto , Alessandro Crippa

Optical frequency combs are utilized in a wide range of optical applications, including atomic clocks, interferometers, and various sensing technologies. They are often generated via four-wave mixing in chip-integrated microring resonators,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Patrick Tritschler , Torsten Ohms , André Zimmermann , Peter Degenfeld-Schonburg

Mechanical frequency combs are poised to bring the applications and utility of optical frequency combs into the mechanical domain. So far, their main challenge has been strict requirements on drive frequencies and power, which complicate…

Optical frequency combs generated by multiple four-wave mixing of two stabilized single-frequency lasers in optical fibers are proposed for use as high precision frequency markers, calibration of astrophysical spectrometers and metrology.…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-13 Flavio C. Cruz

Optical frequency combs are an essential tool for precision metrology experiments ranging in application from remote spectroscopic sensing of trace gases to the characterization and comparison of optical atomic clocks for precision…

Optical frequency combs based on mode-locked lasers have proven to be invaluable tools for a wide range of applications in precision spectroscopy and metrology. A novel principle of optical frequency comb generation in whispering-gallery…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-12 Pascal Del'Haye , Scott B. Papp , Scott A. Diddams

Electro-optical modulation of a continuous wave laser is a highly stable way to generate frequency combs, gaining popularity in telecommunication and spectroscopic applications. These combs are generated by modulating non-linear…

Optics · Physics 2024-07-30 Todd Eliason , Payton A. Parker , Melanie A. R. Reber

Optical frequency comb, with precisely controlled spectral lines spanning a broad range, has been the key enabling technology for many scientific breakthroughs. In addition to the traditional implementation based on modelocked lasers,…

Optics · Physics 2023-01-02 Mingming Nie , Yijun Xie , Bowen Li , Shu-Wei Huang

Electro-optic frequency combs were employed to rapidly interrogate an optomechanical sensor, demonstrating spectral resolution substantially exceeding that possible with a mode-locked frequency comb. Frequency combs were generated using an…

Optics · Physics 2022-04-01 D. A. Long , B. J. Reschovsky , F. Zhou , Y. Bao , T. W. LeBrun , J. J. Gorman

Laser frequency combs are coherent light sources that emit a broad spectrum consisting of discrete, evenly spaced narrow lines, each having an absolute frequency measurable within the accuracy of an atomic clock. Their development, a decade…

Optics · Physics 2017-06-13 Albert Schliesser , Nathalie Picqué , Theodor W. Hänsch

The cavity electromechanical devices with radiation-pressure-interaction induced Kerr-like nonlinearity are promising candidates to generate microwave frequency combs. We construct a silicon-nitride-membrane-based superconducting cavity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-14 Sishi Wu , Yulong Liu , Qichun Liu , Shuai-Peng Wang , Zhen Chen , Tiefu Li

Optical frequency combs are lightwaves composed of a large number of equidistant spectral lines. They are important for metrology, spectroscopy, communications and fundamental science. Frequency combs are most often generated by exciting…

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