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Phase estimation is used in many quantum algorithms, particularly in order to estimate energy eigenvalues for quantum systems. When using a single qubit as the probe (used to control the unitary we wish to estimate the eigenvalue of), it is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-23 Peyman Najafi , Pedro C. S. Costa , Dominic W. Berry

In this work we demonstrate the use of adapted classical phase retrieval algorithms to perform control-free quantum phase estimation. We eliminate the costly controlled time evolution and Hadamard test commonly required to access the…

Quantum computing can provide speedups in solving many problems as the evolution of a quantum system is described by a unitary operator in an exponentially large Hilbert space. Such unitary operators change the phase of their eigenstates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-23 Youle Wang , Lei Zhang , Zhan Yu , Xin Wang

Quantum phase estimation is one of the most important tools in quantum algorithms. It can be made non-adaptive (meaning all applications of the unitary $U_\phi$ happen simultaneously) without using more applications of $U_\phi$, albeit at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-10 Noah Linden , Ronald de Wolf

Phase estimation, due to Kitaev [arXiv'95], is one of the most fundamental subroutines in quantum computing. In the basic scenario, one is given black-box access to a unitary $U$, and an eigenstate $\lvert \psi \rangle$ of $U$ with unknown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Nikhil S. Mande , Ronald de Wolf

Due to the great difficulty in scalability, quantum computers are limited in the number of qubits during the early stages of the quantum computing regime. In addition to the required qubits for storing the corresponding eigenvector, suppose…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-15 Chen-Fu Chiang

We propose a new way of implementing several elementary quantum gates for qubits in the coherent state basis. The operations are probabilistic and employ single photon subtractions as the driving force. Our schemes for single-qubit phase…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Petr Marek , Jaromir Fiurasek

We introduce a new scheme for quantum circuit design called controlled gate networks. Rather than trying to reduce the complexity of individual unitary operations, the new strategy is to toggle between all of the unitary operations needed…

Phase estimation is a quantum algorithm for measuring the eigenvalues of a Hamiltonian. We propose and rigorously analyse a randomized phase estimation algorithm with two distinctive features. First, our algorithm has complexity independent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-09 Kianna Wan , Mario Berta , Earl T. Campbell

Quantum algorithms are able to solve particular problems exponentially faster than conventional algorithms, when implemented on a quantum computer. However, all demonstrations to date have required already knowing the answer to construct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-22 Xiao-Qi Zhou , Pruet Kalasuwan , Timothy C. Ralph , Jeremy L. O'Brien

Quantum phase estimation is an important routine in many quantum algorithms, particularly for estimating the ground state energy in quantum chemistry simulations. This estimation involves applying powers of a unitary to the ground state,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Kaur Kristjuhan , Dominic W. Berry

Reducing errors in quantum gates is critical to the development of quantum computers. To do so, any distortions in the control signals should be identified, however, conventional tools are not always applicable when part of the system is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-23 M. F. Gely , J. M. Litarowicz , A. D. Leu , D. M. Lucas

We discuss the implementation of an iterative quantum phase estimation algorithm, with a single ancillary qubit. We suggest using this algorithm as a benchmark for multi-qubit implementations. Furthermore we describe in detail the smallest…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-26 M. Dobsicek , G. Johansson , V. S. Shumeiko , G. Wendin

This paper is concerned with the phase estimation algorithm in quantum computing algorithms, especially the scenarios where (1) the input vector is not an eigenvector; (2) the unitary operator is not exactly implemented; (3) random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-10 Xiantao Li

Quantum phase estimation is the workhorse behind any quantum algorithm and a promising method for determining ground state energies of strongly correlated quantum systems. Low-cost quantum phase estimation techniques make use of circuits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 T. E. O'Brien , B. Tarasinski , B. M. Terhal

Quantum phase estimation algorithm (PEA) is one of the most important algorithms in early studies of quantum computation. It is also a key for many other quantum algorithms, such as the quantum counting algorithm and the Shor's integer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-04 Xi Lu , Hongwei Lin

We illustrate a reverse Von Neumann measurement scheme in which a geometric phase induced on a quantum harmonic oscillator is measured using a microscopic qubit as a probe. We show how such a phase, generated by a cyclic evolution in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 G. Vacanti , R. Fazio , M. S. Kim , G. M. Palma , M. Paternostro , V. Vedral

Iterative phase estimation has long been used in quantum computing to estimate Hamiltonian eigenvalues. This is done by applying many repetitions of the same fundamental simulation circuit to an initial state, and using statistical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-25 Ian D. Kivlichan , Christopher E. Granade , Nathan Wiebe

An important step in building a quantum computer is calibrating experimentally implemented quantum gates to produce operations that are close to ideal unitaries. The calibration step involves estimating the systematic errors in gates and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-22 Shelby Kimmel , Guang Hao Low , Theodore J. Yoder

Quantum computers are a highly promising tool for efficiently simulating quantum many-body systems. The preparation of their eigenstates is of particular interest and can be addressed, e.g., by quantum phase estimation algorithms. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-28 Xiaoyu Liu , Benjamin F. Schiffer , Jordi Tura
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