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Reliable distribution of quantum entanglement over long distances is a central challenge in quantum information science, fundamentally limited by decoherence in noisy communication channels. In this work, we investigate the asymptotic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 Piotr Masajada , Aby Philip , Alexander Streltsov

Rapid advancements in cloud based platforms providing access to quantum computing capabilities have opened up several challenges for efficient usage of these highly delicate and costly devices. Although most of the current systems use a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Abhishek Sawaika , Udaya Parampalli , Rajkumar Buyya

Quantum networks are gaining momentum in finding applications in a wide range of domains. However, little research has investigated the potential of a quantum network framework to enable highly reliable communications. The goal of this work…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Tu N. Nguyen , Kashyab J. Ambarani , Linh Le , Ivan Djordjevic , Zhi-Li Zhang

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) networks enable unconditionally secure key exchange using quantum mechanical principles. However, routing cryptographic keys across multi-hop quantum networks introduces challenges unique to quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Ivan Cvitic , Dragan Perakovic , Armando Nolasco Pinto

Space-based entanglement distribution has the potential to extend the range of quantum communication beyond that achievable through optical fibres that are constrained by exponential losses. Quantum repeaters have been proposed to mitigate…

A large scale quantum network requires the distribution of high-fidelity end-to-end entanglement. To overcome the range limitations inherent to terrestrial fiber, a leading architecture has emerged: satellite-based sources transmitting…

Developing and deploying advanced Quantum Repeater (QR) technologies will be necessary to scale quantum networks to longer distances. Depending on the error mitigation mechanisms adopted to suppress loss and errors, QRs are typically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-30 Chuen Hei Chan , Charu Jain , Ezra Kissel , Wenji Wu , Edwin Barnes , Sophia E. Economou , Inder Monga

Quantum networks facilitate numerous applications such as secure communication and distributed quantum computation by performing entanglement distribution. Multi-user quantum applications where quantum information is shared between multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-16 Evan Sutcliffe , Alejandra Beghelli

Quantum repeaters are enabling technologies for long-distance quantum communications. Despite the significant progress in the field, we still not only face implementation challenges but also need theoretical solutions that better meet all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Javier Rey-Domínguez , Mohsen Razavi

A key technical requirement of any future quantum network is the ability to distribute quantum-entangled resources between two spatially separated points at a high rate and high fidelity. Entanglement distribution protocols based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Nicholas Zaunders , Timothy C. Ralph

Long-distance entanglement is a very precious resource, but its distribution is very difficult due to the exponential losses of light in optical fibres. A possible solution consists in the use of quantum repeaters, based on entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-18 Carlo Liorni , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruss

We present an approach to purification and entanglement routing on complex quantum network architectures, that is, how a quantum network equipped with imperfect channel fidelities and limited memory storage time can distribute entanglement…

Real-time quantum error correction places the classical decoder inside the fault-tolerant control loop under strict timing and memory constraints. For quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes, practical deployment therefore depends…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Ameya S. Bhave , Navnil Choudhury , Kanad Basu

Practical quantum networking architectures are crucial for scaling the connection of quantum resources. Yet quantum network testbeds have thus far underutilized the full capabilities of modern lightwave communications, such as flexible-grid…

Flying ad hoc networks (FANETs) play a crucial role in numerous military and civil applications since it shortens mission duration and enhances coverage significantly compared with a single unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Whereas, designing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Yanpeng Cui , Qixun Zhang , Zhiyong Feng , Zhiqing Wei , Ce Shi , Heng Yang

In quantum networks, one way to communicate is to distribute entanglements through swapping at intermediate nodes. Most existing work primarily aims to create efficient two-party end-to-end entanglement over long distances. However, some…

We investigate resource allocation for quantum entanglement distribution over an optical network. We characterize and model a network architecture that employs a single broadband quasi-deterministic time-frequency heralded…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Rohan Bali , Ashley N. Tittelbaugh , Shelbi L. Jenkins , Anuj Agrawal , Jerry Horgan , Marco Ruffini , Daniel C. Kilper , Boulat A. Bash

Entanglement is a unique resource for quantum-enhanced applications. When employed in sensing, shared entanglement between distributed quantum sensors enables a substantial gain in the measurement sensitivity in estimating global parameters…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-23 Yi Xia , Quntao Zhuang , William Clark , Zheshen Zhang

The distribution of entanglement in quantum networks is typically approached under idealized assumptions such as perfect synchronization and centralized control, while classical communication is often neglected. However, these assumptions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Shahrooz Pouryousef , Hassan Shapourian , Don Towsley

Entanglement generation in long-distance quantum networks is a difficult process due to resource limitations and the probabilistic nature of entanglement swapping. To maximize success probability, existing quantum routing algorithms employ…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Tasdiqul Islam , Md Arifuzzaman , Engin Arslan