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We propose a new method for evaluating NISQ devices. This paper has three distinct parts. First, we present a new quantum algorithm that solves a two hundred year old problem of finding quadratic nonresidues (QNR) in polynomial time. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-03 Thomas G. Draper

In the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era, one of the key questions is how to deal with the high noise level existing in physical quantum bits (qubits). Quantum error correction is promising but requires an extensive number (e.g.,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-29 Zhiding Liang , Zhepeng Wang , Junhuan Yang , Lei Yang , Jinjun Xiong , Yiyu Shi , Weiwen Jiang

Quantum computing promises advantages over classical computing. The manufacturing of quantum hardware is in the infancy stage, called the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era. A major challenge is automated quantum circuit design…

Quantum machine learning (QML) leverages quantum computing for classical inference, furnishes the processing of quantum data with machine-learning methods, and provides quantum algorithms adapted to noisy devices. Typically, QML proposals…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-11 Luis Mantilla Calderón , Robert Raussendorf , Polina Feldmann , Dmytro Bondarenko

The present study aims to explore the feasibility of language translation using quantum natural language processing algorithms on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Classical methods in natural language processing (NLP)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Mina Abbaszade , Mariam Zomorodi , Vahid Salari , Philip Kurian

NP-hard problems are not believed to be exactly solvable through general polynomial time algorithms. Hybrid quantum-classical algorithms to address such combinatorial problems have been of great interest in the past few years. Such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-15 Yagnik Chatterjee , Eric Bourreau , Marko J. Rančić

Quantum neural network (QNN) is one of the promising directions where the near-term noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices could find advantageous applications against classical resources. Recurrent neural networks are the most…

Can near-term gate model based quantum processors offer quantum advantage for practical applications in the pre-fault tolerance noise regime? A class of algorithms which have shown some promise in this regard are the so-called…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-13 Guillaume Verdon , Michael Broughton , Jacob Biamonte

When noisy intermediate scalable quantum (NISQ) devices are applied in information processing, all of the stages through preparation, manipulation, and measurement of multipartite qubit states contain various types of noise that are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-16 Hyeokjea Kwon , Joonwoo Bae

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) has recently emerged as a highly promising research frontier. Within this domain, Quantum Neural Networks (QNNs),characterized by Variational Quantum Circuits (VQCs) at their core and featuring layers of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Ban Q. Tran , Duong M. Chu , Hai T. D. Pham , Viet Q. Nguyen , Quan A. Pham , Susan Mengel

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are a powerful framework for learning representations from graph-structured data, but their direct implementation on near-term quantum hardware remains challenging due to circuit depth, multi-qubit interactions,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-19 Armin Ahmadkhaniha , Jake Doliskani

While classical convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have revolutionized image classification, the emergence of quantum computing presents new opportunities for enhancing neural network architectures. Quantum CNNs (QCNNs) leverage quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-16 Peter Röseler , Oliver Schaudt , Helmut Berg , Christian Bauckhage , Matthias Koch

Quantum variational algorithms (QVAs) are increasingly potent tools for simulating quantum many-body systems on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. This work examines the application of the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE)…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-01-28 Dhritimalya Roy , Somnath Nag

The encoding of classical to quantum data mapping through trigonometric functions within arithmetic-based quantum computation algorithms leads to the exploitation of multivariate distributions. The studied variational quantum gate learning…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-12 Ziqing Guo , Jan Balewski , Wenshuo Hu , Alex Khan , Ziwen Pan

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is one of the canonical algorithms designed to find approximate solutions to combinatorial optimization problems in current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. It is an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-12 Ping Zou

Solving problems related to planning and operations of large-scale power systems is challenging on classical computers due to their inherent nature as mixed-integer and nonlinear problems. Quantum computing provides new avenues to approach…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-02 Willie Aboumrad , Phani R V Marthi , Suman Debnath , Martin Roetteler , Evgeny Epifanovsky

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), which is a variational quantum algorithm, aims to give sub-optimal solutions of combinatorial optimization problems. It is widely believed that QAOA has the potential to demonstrate…

Variational hybrid quantum-classical optimization represents one of the most promising avenue to show the advantage of nowadays noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers in solving hard problems, such as finding the minimum-energy state of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-18 Laura Gentini , Alessandro Cuccoli , Stefano Pirandola , Paola Verrucchi , Leonardo Banchi

A key open question in quantum computing is whether quantum algorithms can potentially offer a significant advantage over classical algorithms for tasks of practical interest. Understanding the limits of classical computing in simulating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-23 Matija Medvidovic , Giuseppe Carleo

Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers could solve quantum-mechanical simulation problems that are beyond the capabilities of classical computers. However, NISQ devices experience significant errors which, if not corrected, can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-04 Ashley Montanaro , Stasja Stanisic