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Autoregressive models excel in sequential modeling and have proven to be effective for vision-language data. However, the spatial nature of visual signals conflicts with the sequential dependencies of next-token prediction, leading to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Jiamian Wang , Ziqi Zhou , Chaithanya Kumar Mummadi , Sohail Dianat , Majid Rabbani , Raghuveer Rao , Chen Qiu , Zhiqiang Tao

There has been a growing excitement that implicit graph generative models could be used to design or discover new molecules for medicine or material design. Because these molecules have not been discovered, they naturally lie in unexplored…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Mai Elkady , Thu Bui , Bruno Ribeiro , David I. Inouye

In this work, we present a mixed precision algorithm that leverages the Gram matrix and Jacobi methods to compute the singular value decomposition (SVD) of tall-and-skinny matrices. By constructing the Gram matrix in higher precision and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-13 Erin Carson , Yuxin Ma , Meiyue Shao

Speculative decoding accelerates autoregressive generation by separating token proposal from verification, but most existing approaches are designed for single-node execution and do not scale well to multi-accelerator clusters used for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-30 Junhao He , Feiran You , Hongyang Du

Speculative decoding (SD) has attracted a significant amount of research attention due to the substantial speedup it can achieve for LLM inference. However, despite the high speedups they offer, speculative decoding methods often achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Wei Zhong , Manasa Bharadwaj

The probabilistic topic model imposes a low-rank structure on the expectation of the corpus matrix. Therefore, singular value decomposition (SVD) is a natural tool of dimension reduction. We propose an SVD-based method for estimating a…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-31 Zheng Tracy Ke , Minzhe Wang

While speculative decoding has recently appeared as a promising direction for accelerating the inference of large language models (LLMs), the speedup and scalability are strongly bounded by the token acceptance rate. Prevalent methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Yunfan Xiong , Ruoyu Zhang , Yanzeng Li , Tianhao Wu , Lei Zou

Large language models (LLMs) have shown outstanding performance across numerous real-world tasks. However, the autoregressive nature of these models makes the inference process slow and costly. Speculative decoding has emerged as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Zongyue Qin , Zifan He , Neha Prakriya , Jason Cong , Yizhou Sun

Large language models typically generate tokens autoregressively, using each token as input for the next. Recent work on Speculative Decoding has sought to accelerate this process by employing a smaller, faster draft model to more quickly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Bradley McDanel

In this work, we first revisit the sampling issues in current autoregressive (AR) image generation models and identify that image tokens, unlike text tokens, exhibit lower information density and non-uniform spatial distribution.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xiaoxiao Ma , Feng Zhao , Pengyang Ling , Haibo Qiu , Zhixiang Wei , Hu Yu , Jie Huang , Zhixiong Zeng , Lin Ma

Eigendecomposition of symmetric matrices is at the heart of many computer vision algorithms. However, the derivatives of the eigenvectors tend to be numerically unstable, whether using the SVD to compute them analytically or using the Power…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Wei Wang , Zheng Dang , Yinlin Hu , Pascal Fua , Mathieu Salzmann

Inspired by the remarkable success of autoregressive models in language modeling, this paradigm has been widely adopted in visual generation. However, the sequential token-by-token decoding mechanism inherent in traditional autoregressive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Siyang Wang , Hanting Li , Wei Li , Jie Hu , Xinghao Chen , Feng Zhao

Speculative decoding (SD) has emerged as a powerful method for accelerating autoregressive generation in large language models (LLMs), yet its integration into vision-language models (VLMs) remains underexplored. We introduce DREAM, a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Yunhai Hu , Tianhua Xia , Zining Liu , Rahul Raman , Xingyu Liu , Bo Bao , Eric Sather , Vithursan Thangarasa , Sai Qian Zhang

Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) has become an important technique for reducing the computational burden of Vision Language Models (VLMs), which play a central role in tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering. Although…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Haiyu Wang , Yutong Wang , Jack Jiang , Sai Qian Zhang

Speculative decoding accelerates LLM inference by using a draft model to look ahead, but gains are capped by the cost of autoregressive draft generation: increasing draft size elevates acceptance rates but introduces additional latency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Nikhil Bhendawade , Kumari Nishu , Arnav Kundu , Chris Bartels , Minsik Cho , Irina Belousova

Speculative decoding reduces the inference latency of a target large language model via utilizing a smaller and faster draft model. Its performance depends on a hyperparameter K -- the candidate length, i.e., the number of candidate tokens…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Kaixuan Huang , Xudong Guo , Mengdi Wang

Speculative decoding (SD), where an extra draft model is employed to provide multiple draft tokens first, and then the original target model verifies these tokens in parallel, has shown great power for LLM inference acceleration. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Tianyu Liu , Yun Li , Qitan Lv , Kai Liu , Jianchen Zhu , Winston Hu , Xiao Sun

Speculative decoding has emerged as a promising technique for large language model (LLM) inference by accelerating autoregressive decoding via draft-then-verify. This paper studies a new edge scenario with multi-user inference, where draft…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yaodan Xu , Sheng Zhou , Zhisheng Niu

Speculative Decoding is a widely used technique to speed up inference for Large Language Models (LLMs) without sacrificing quality. When performing inference, speculative decoding uses a smaller draft model to generate speculative tokens…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Minghao Yan , Saurabh Agarwal , Shivaram Venkataraman

This paper considers the problem of updating the rank-k truncated Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) of matrices subject to the addition of new rows and/or columns over time. Such matrix problems represent an important computational kernel…

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