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Related papers: Robust Batch-Level Query Routing for Large Languag…

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This study investigates the use of NeuralUCB for cost-aware large language model (LLM) routing. Existing routing approaches can be broadly grouped into supervised routing methods and partial-feedback methods, each with different tradeoffs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Ming-Hua Tsai , Phat Tran

Training large language models (LLMs), and other large machine learning models, involves repeated communication of large volumes of data across a data center network. The communication patterns induced by these training process exhibit high…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Ofir Cohen , Jose Yallouz Michael Schapira , Shahar Belkar , Tal Mizrahi

There is a rapidly growing number of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) and benchmark datasets to compare them. While some models dominate these benchmarks, no single model typically achieves the best accuracy in all tasks and use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Tal Shnitzer , Anthony Ou , Mírian Silva , Kate Soule , Yuekai Sun , Justin Solomon , Neil Thompson , Mikhail Yurochkin

Large language model (LLM) routing assigns each query to the most suitable model from an ensemble. We introduce LLMRouterBench, a large-scale benchmark and unified framework for LLM routing. It comprises over 400K instances from 21 datasets…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Hao Li , Yiqun Zhang , Zhaoyan Guo , Chenxu Wang , Shengji Tang , Qiaosheng Zhang , Yang Chen , Biqing Qi , Peng Ye , Lei Bai , Zhen Wang , Shuyue Hu

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have expanded the context window to beyond 128K tokens, enabling long-document understanding and multi-source reasoning. A key challenge, however, lies in choosing between retrieval-augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yiwen Chen , Kuan Li , Fuzhen Zhuang , Deqing Wang , Zhao Zhang , Liwen Zhang , Yong Jiang , Shuai Wang , Minhao Cheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) typically generate outputs token by token using a fixed compute budget, leading to inefficient resource utilization. To address this shortcoming, recent advancements in mixture of expert (MoE) models,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a milestone in the field of artificial intelligence and natural language processing. However, their large-scale deployment remains constrained by the need for significant computational resources.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Julián Camilo Velandia Gutiérrez

The increasing adoption of large language models (LLMs) necessitates inference serving systems that can deliver both high throughput and low latency. Deploying LLMs with hundreds of billions of parameters on memory-constrained GPUs exposes…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Bowen Pang , Kai Li , Feifan Wang

As large language models (LLMs) grow in popularity for their diverse capabilities, improving the efficiency of their inference systems has become increasingly critical. Batching LLM requests is a critical step in scheduling the inference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Ozgur Guldogan , Jackson Kunde , Kangwook Lee , Ramtin Pedarsani

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve strong performance on mathematical reasoning tasks but remain unreliable on challenging instances. Existing test-time scaling methods, such as repeated sampling, self-correction, and tree search,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Zhimin Lin , Yixin Ji , Jinpeng Li , Yu Luo , Dong Li , Junhua Fang , Juntao Li , Min Zhang

Conventional recommendation systems (RSs) are typically optimized to enhance performance metrics uniformly across all training samples. This makes it hard for data-driven RSs to cater to a diverse set of users due to the varying properties…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Kirandeep Kaur , Chirag Shah

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into many online services, yet they remain cost-prohibitive to deploy due to the requirement of expensive GPU instances. Prior work has addressed the high cost of LLM serving by…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Tyler Griggs , Xiaoxuan Liu , Jiaxiang Yu , Doyoung Kim , Wei-Lin Chiang , Alvin Cheung , Ion Stoica

Large Language Models (LLMs) and other large foundation models have achieved noteworthy success, but their size exacerbates existing resource consumption and latency challenges. In particular, the large-scale deployment of these models is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Banghua Zhu , Ying Sheng , Lianmin Zheng , Clark Barrett , Michael I. Jordan , Jiantao Jiao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have seen great advance in both academia and industry, and their popularity results in numerous open-source frameworks and techniques in accelerating LLM pre-training, fine-tuning, and inference. Training and…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Longteng Zhang , Xiang Liu , Zeyu Li , Xinglin Pan , Peijie Dong , Ruibo Fan , Rui Guo , Xin Wang , Qiong Luo , Shaohuai Shi , Xiaowen Chu

Large language models (LLMs) are widely applied in chatbots, code generators, and search engines. Workload such as chain-of-throught, complex reasoning, agent services significantly increase the inference cost by invoke the model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Sihyeong Park , Sungryeol Jeon , Chaelyn Lee , Seokhun Jeon , Byung-Soo Kim , Jemin Lee

The prohibitive training costs of Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a significant bottleneck in the development of next-generation LLMs. In this paper, we show that it is possible to significantly reduce the training costs of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Chenze Shao , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou

The inherent capabilities of a language model (LM) and the reasoning strategies it employs jointly determine its performance in reasoning tasks. While test-time scaling is regarded as an effective approach to tackling complex reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zhihong Pan , Kai Zhang , Yuze Zhao , Yupeng Han

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance on general Question Answering (QA), yet they often struggle in domain-specific scenarios where accurate and up-to-date information is required. Retrieval-Augmented Generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Haoyue Bai , Haoyu Wang , Shengyu Chen , Zhengzhang Chen , Lu-An Tang , Wei Cheng , Haifeng Chen , Yanjie Fu

Query routing, the task to route user queries to different large language model (LLM) endpoints, can be considered as a text classification problem. However, out-of-distribution queries must be handled properly, as those could be about…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Richard Šléher , William Brach , Tibor Sloboda , Kristián Košťál , Lukas Galke

Large language models (LLMs) often exhibit complementary strengths. Model routing harnesses these strengths by dynamically directing each query to the most suitable model, given a candidate model pool. However, routing performance relies on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Chenxu Wang , Hao Li , Yiqun Zhang , Linyao Chen , Jianhao Chen , Ping Jian , Peng Ye , Qiaosheng Zhang , Shuyue Hu