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Recently, there has been increasing interest in applying large language models (LLMs) as zero-shot passage rankers. However, few studies have explored how to select appropriate in-context demonstrations for the passage ranking task, which…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Wenhan Liu , Yutao Zhu , Zhicheng Dou

Monitoring awkward postures is a proactive prevention for Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs)in construction. Machine Learning (ML) models have shown promising results for posture recognition from Wearable Sensors. However, further…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Junqi Zhao , Esther Obonyo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained popularity in task planning for long-horizon manipulation tasks. To enhance the validity of LLM-generated plans, visual demonstrations and online videos have been widely employed to guide the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Kejia Chen , Zheng Shen , Yue Zhang , Lingyun Chen , Fan Wu , Zhenshan Bing , Sami Haddadin , Alois Knoll

In-context learning (ICL) has shown impressive results in few-shot learning tasks, yet its underlying mechanism is still not fully understood. A recent line of work suggests that ICL performs gradient descent (GD)-based optimization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Gilad Deutch , Nadav Magar , Tomer Bar Natan , Guy Dar

In-context learning (ICL) is highly sensitive to which demonstrations appear in the prompt, but selecting them is expensive because the space of possible demonstration contexts and combinations is enormous. We argue that demonstration…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Haochun Wang , Chaofen Yang , Jiatong Liu , Jingbo Wang , Zewen Qiang , Sendong Zhao , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Vision Language Models (VLMs) offer the exciting possibility of processing text as rendered images, bypassing the need for tokenizing the text into long token sequences. Since VLM image encoders map fixed-size images to a fixed number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Roy Xie , Dan Friedman , Donghan Yu , Bowen Pan , Christopher Fifty , Jang-Hyun Kim , Xianzhi Du , Zhe Gan , Vivek Rathod , Bhuwan Dhingra

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional abilities across a broad range of language-related tasks, including generating solutions to complex reasoning problems. An effective technique to enhance LLM performance is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Shuzhang Cai , Twumasi Mensah-Boateng , Xander Kuksov , Jing Yuan , Shaojie Tang

Large Language Model (LLM) image recognition is a powerful tool for extracting data from images, but accuracy depends on providing sufficient cues in the prompt - requiring a domain expert for specialized tasks. We introduce Cue Learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Peter J. Bentley , Soo Ling Lim , Fuyuki Ishikawa

The remarkable advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced the performance in few-shot learning settings. By using only a small number of labeled examples, referred to as demonstrations, LLMs can effectively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Katerina Margatina , Timo Schick , Nikolaos Aletras , Jane Dwivedi-Yu

The remarkable ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to understand and follow instructions has sometimes been limited by their in-context learning (ICL) performance in low-resource languages. To address this, we introduce a novel approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Xiaoqian Li , Ercong Nie , Sheng Liang

In-context learning (ICL) has transformed the use of large language models (LLMs) for NLP tasks, enabling few-shot learning by conditioning on labeled examples without finetuning. Despite its effectiveness, ICL is prone to errors,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Mario Sanz-Guerrero , Katharina von der Wense

In-context learning (ICL) refers to the process of adding a small number of localized examples from a training set of labelled data to an LLM's prompt with an objective to effectively control the generative process seeking to improve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Manish Chandra , Debasis Ganguly , Iadh Ounis

Large visual-language models (LVLMs) exhibit exceptional performance in visual-language reasoning across diverse cross-modal benchmarks. Despite these advances, recent research indicates that Large Language Models (LLMs), like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Ye Jiang , Yimin Wang

The advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled various multimodal tasks to be addressed under a zero-shot paradigm. This paradigm sidesteps the cost of model fine-tuning, emerging as a dominant trend in practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Daiqing Wu , Dongbao Yang , Sicheng Zhao , Can Ma , Yu Zhou

In-context learning (ICL) enables Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) to adapt to new tasks without parameter updates, using a few demonstrations from a large support set. However, selecting informative demonstrations leads to high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Huiyi Chen , Jiawei Peng , Kaihua Tang , Xin Geng , Xu Yang

While many-shot ICL achieves remarkable performance, prior studies of its scaling behavior have mainly focused on non-reasoning tasks. In this work, we study many-shot ICL on reasoning tasks, with a particular focus on many-shot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Tsz Ting Chung , Lemao Liu , Mo Yu , Dit-Yan Yeung

Multi-modal Large Langue Models (MLLMs) often process thousands of visual tokens, which consume a significant portion of the context window and impose a substantial computational burden. Prior work has empirically explored visual token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Dingchen Yang , Bowen Cao , Anran Zhang , Weibo Gu , Winston Hu , Guang Chen

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have made remarkable progress in natural language processing. The most representative ability of LLMs is in-context learning (ICL), which enables LLMs to learn patterns from in-context exemplars…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Jiachen Zhao

Language identification (LID) is a critical step in curating multilingual LLM pretraining corpora from web crawls. While many studies on LID model training focus on collecting diverse training data to improve performance, low-resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Negar Foroutan , Jakhongir Saydaliev , Ye Eun Kim , Antoine Bosselut

Despite the renewed interest in zero-shot visual classification due to the rise of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), the problem of evaluating free-form responses of auto-regressive models remains a persistent challenge. Most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Logan Lawrence , Oindrila Saha , Megan Wei , Chen Sun , Subhransu Maji , Grant Van Horn