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Accurate localization using visual information is a critical yet challenging task, especially in urban environments where nearby buildings and construction sites significantly degrade GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) signal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Xiaofan Li , Zhihao Xu , Chenming Wu , Zhao Yang , Yumeng Zhang , Jiang-Jiang Liu , Haibao Yu , Fan Duan , Xiaoqing Ye , Yuan Wang , Shirui Li , Xun Sun , Ji Wan , Jun Wang

In this paper we describe the recent 3GPP Release 16 specification for positioning in 5G networks. It specifies positioning signals, measurements, procedures, and architecture to meet requirements from a plethora of regulatory, commercial…

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) provide standalone precise navigation for a wide gamut of applications. Nevertheless, applications or systems such as unmanned vehicles (aerial or ground vehicles and surface vessels) generally…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Marco Spanghero , Panos Papadimitratos

Precise indoor localization is one of the key requirements for fifth Generation (5G) and beyond, concerning various wireless communication systems, whose applications span different vertical sectors. Although many highly accurate methods…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-27 Chenlu Xiang , Shunqing Zhang , Shugong Xu , George C. Alexandropoulos

In urban environments, where line-of-sight signals from GNSS satellites are frequently blocked by high-rise objects, GNSS receivers are subject to large errors in measuring satellite ranges. Heuristic methods are commonly used to estimate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Amir Jalalirad , Davide Belli , Bence Major , Songwon Jee , Himanshu Shah , Will Morrison

Most vehicular applications in electric vehicles use IEEE 802.11p protocol for vehicular communications. Vehicle rebalancing application is one such application that has been used by many car rental service providers to overcome the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Ankita Samaddar , Arvind Easwaran

Signals of opportunity (SOPs) are a promising technique that can be used for relative positioning in areas where global navigation satellite system (GNSS) information is unreliable or unavailable. This technique processes features of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-10 Nicolas Souli , Panayiotis Kolios , Georgios Ellinas

Estimation of people's home locations using location-based services data from smartphones is a common task in human mobility assessment. However, commonly used home detection algorithms (HDAs) are often arbitrary and unexamined. In this…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-01-15 Rajat Verma , Shagun Mittal , Zengxiang Lei , Xiaowei Chen , Satish V. Ukkusuri

For reliable operation, next generation autonomous agents will need enhanced situational perception as well as precise navigation capabilities. The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals that are utilized by practically all…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-30 Nicolas Souli , Panayiotis Kolios , Georgios Ellinas

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a U.S. space-based radionavigation system that provides reliable positioning, navigation, and timing services to civilian users on a continuous worldwide basis -- freely available to all. GPS provides…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2010-01-26 S. S. Riaz Ahamed

Radio-based localization systems conventionally require stationary reference points (e.g. anchors) with precisely surveyed positions, making deployment time-consuming and costly. This paper presents an empirical evaluation of collaborative…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Paul Schwarzbach , Andrea Jung

Network-based Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) underpin critical infrastructure and autonomous systems, yet typically rely on centralized processing hubs that limit scalability, resilience, and latency. Here we report a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-24 Xue Xian Zheng , Xing Liu , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

Global Navigation Satellite Systems enable precise localization and timing even for highly mobile devices, but legacy implementations provide only limited support for the new generation of security-enhanced signals. Inertial Measurement…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Tore Johansson , Marco Spanghero , Panos Papadimitratos

The growing presence of UAVs has led operators to explore the issue of how to provide wireless service to UAVs. The achieveable service quality will be affected by a number of factors, including the type of antenna that the UAVs are…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Boris Galkin , Jacek Kibiłda , Luiz A. DaSilva

Future 5G cellular networks are expected to exploit the abundant spectrum resources of the millimeter-wave (mm-wave) bands to satisfy demand for multi-Gbps mobile links anticipated by exponential data traffic growth. However, given the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-03-09 Ljiljana Simić , Nikos Perpinias , Marina Petrova

An efficient method is proposed for refining GPS-acquired location coordinates in urban areas using camera images, Google Street View (GSV) and sensor parameters. The main goal is to compensate for GPS location imprecision in dense area of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-10-29 Mahdi Salarian , Rashid Ansari

To mitigate spoofing attacks targeting global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) receivers, one promising method is to rely on alternative time sources, such as network-based synchronization, in order to detect clock offset discrepancies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-23 M. Spanghero , P. Papadimitratos

Global localisation from visual data is a challenging problem applicable to many robotics domains. Prior works have shown that neural networks can be trained to map images of an environment to absolute camera pose within that environment,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Christopher J. Holder , Muhammad Shafique

This paper presents a terrestrial localization system based on 5G infrastructure as a viable alternative to GNSS, particularly in scenarios where GNSS signals are obstructed or unavailable. It discusses network planning aimed at enabling…

Cellular networks are not merely data access networks to the Internet. Their distinct services and ability to form large complex compounds for roaming purposes make them an attractive research target in their own right. Their promise of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Gabriel Karl Gegenhuber , Wilfried Mayer , Edgar Weippl , Adrian Dabrowski
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