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The widespread distribution of microplastics (MPs) in the environment presents significant challenges for their detection and identification. Fluorescence imaging has emerged as a promising technique for enhancing plastic particle…
Silicon photonic components based on freely propagating beams in 220 nm thick Si slab waveguides are described and characterized. Examples include optical relays, waveguide crossings, couplers, and resonators with wavelength independent Q…
Cascaded phase shifters (CPSs) based on silicon photonics integrated chips play important roles in quantum information processing tasks. Owing to an increase in the scale of silicon photonics chips, the time required to calibrate various…
Integrated optical isolators have been a longstanding challenge for photonic integrated circuits (PIC). An ideal integrated optical isolator for PIC should be made by a monolithic process, have a small footprint, exhibit broadband and…
An optical equivalent of the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is of great interest to large-scale photonic integrated circuits. Previous programmable photonic devices relying on the weak, volatile thermo-optic or electro-optic effect…
Optical vortices (OVs) have emerged as a revolutionary concept in modern photonics, offering a unique method of manipulating light beyond conventional Gaussian beams. Despite their vast potential, phase topology stability remains…
Confocal x-ray fluorescence microscopy (CXRF) allows direct detection of x-ray fluorescence from a micron-scale 3D volume of an extended, unthinned sample. We have previously demonstrated the use of a novel collection optic, fabricated from…
To develop a new generation of high-speed photonic modulators on silicon-technology-based photonics, new materials with large Pockels coefficients have been transferred to silicon substrates. Previous approaches focus on realizing…
Free-space optics (FSO) offer promising solutions in wireless systems where many different devices need to communicate and interoperate, exchanging massive amounts of data as in communication and sensor networks, and in technologies for…
Optical phased arrays (OPA) with high integration, fast speed, low power consumption, and high steering resolution are critical components in the emerging photonic integrated circuit (PIC), LiDAR, free space optical communication, 3D…
The desire for cameras with smaller form factors has recently lead to a push for exploring computational imaging systems with reduced optical complexity such as a smaller number of lens elements. Unfortunately such simplified optical…
Besides being the foundational material for microelectronics, in optics, crystalline silicon has long been used for making infrared lenses and mirrors. More recently, silicon has become the key material to achieve large-scale integration of…
Silicon-based integrated photonics has demonstrated significant advances in miniaturization and performance, yet critical challenges remain in achieving efficient on-chip communication at high bandwidths. Plasmonic devices on silicon and…
Metallic nanoslit arrays integrated on germanium metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors show many folds of absorption enhancement for transverse-magnetic polarization in the telecommunication C-band. Such high enhancement is attributed to…
The application of precision interferometers is generally restricted to expensive and smooth high-quality surfaces. Here, we offer a route to ultimate miniaturization of interferometer by integrating beam splitter, reference mirror and…
Optical interconnects are becoming attractive alternatives to electrical wiring in intra- and inter-chip communication links. Particularly, the integration with silicon complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology has received…
Modern extreme adaptive optics (AO) systems achieving diffraction-limited performance open up new possibilities for instrumentation. Especially important for the fields of spectroscopy and interferometry is that it enables the prospect to…
A system-on-chip (SoC) photonic-electronic linear-algebra accelerator with the features of wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) based broadband photodetections and high-dimensional matrix-inversion operations fabricated in advanced…
Using numerical simulations, here we demonstrate that a single sheet of graphene with properly designed inhomogeneous, nonuniform conductivity distributions can act as a convex lens for focusing and collimating the transverse-magnetic (TM)…
We demonstrate an optical phased-array (OPA) equipped with a 3D-printed facet-attached element for shaping and deflection of the emitted beam. The beam shaper combines freeform refractive surfaces with total-internal-reflection (TIR)…