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Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is pivotal for deploying large language models (LLMs) within resource-limited settings by significantly reducing resource demands. However, existing PTQ strategies underperform at low bit levels < 3 bits due…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Wanlong Liu , Yichen Xiao , Dingyi Zeng , Hongyang Zhao , Wenyu Chen , Malu Zhang

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is a powerful technique for model compression, reducing the numerical precision in neural networks without additional training overhead. Recent works have investigated adopting 8-bit floating-point…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Shivam Aggarwal , Hans Jakob Damsgaard , Alessandro Pappalardo , Giuseppe Franco , Thomas B. Preußer , Michaela Blott , Tulika Mitra

Despite the growing interest in Small Language Models (SLMs) as resource-efficient alternatives to Large Language Models (LLMs), their deployment on edge devices remains challenging due to unresolved efficiency gaps in model compression.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiacheng Wang , Yejun Zeng , Jinyang Guo , Yuqing Ma , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant deployment challenges due to their substantial memory requirements and the computational demands of auto-regressive text generation process. This paper addresses these challenges by focusing on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Yuxuan Yue , Zhihang Yuan , Haojie Duanmu , Sifan Zhou , Jianlong Wu , Liqiang Nie

Quantization is of significance for compressing the over-parameterized deep neural models and deploying them on resource-limited devices. Fixed-precision quantization suffers from performance drop due to the limited numerical representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Chen Tang , Yuan Meng , Jiacheng Jiang , Shuzhao Xie , Rongwei Lu , Xinzhu Ma , Zhi Wang , Wenwu Zhu

Large language models (LLMs) show excellent performance but are compute- and memory-intensive. Quantization can reduce memory and accelerate inference. However, existing methods cannot maintain accuracy and hardware efficiency at the same…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Guangxuan Xiao , Ji Lin , Mickael Seznec , Hao Wu , Julien Demouth , Song Han

With time, machine learning models have increased in their scope, functionality and size. Consequently, the increased functionality and size of such models requires high-end hardware to both train and provide inference after the fact. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Arhum Ishtiaq , Sara Mahmood , Maheen Anees , Neha Mumtaz

In recent years, compression of large language models (LLMs) has emerged as an important problem to enable language model deployment on resource-constrained devices, reduce computational costs, and mitigate the environmental footprint of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Sean I. Young

Large Language Models (LLMs) stand out for their impressive performance in intricate language modeling tasks. However, their demanding computational and memory needs pose obstacles for broad use on edge devices. Quantization is then…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Xuan Shen , Peiyan Dong , Lei Lu , Zhenglun Kong , Zhengang Li , Ming Lin , Chao Wu , Yanzhi Wang

The deployment of deep neural networks on edge devices is a challenging task due to the increasing complexity of state-of-the-art models, requiring efforts to reduce model size and inference latency. Recent studies explore models operating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Jinhee Kim , Seoyeon Yoon , Taeho Lee , Joo Chan Lee , Kang Eun Jeon , Jong Hwan Ko

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is crucial for efficient model deployment, yet its effectiveness on Ascend NPU remains under-explored compared to GPU architectures. This paper presents a case study of representative PTQ baselines applied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yuchen Luo , Fangyue Zhu , Ruining Zhou , Mingzhe Huang , Jian Zhu , Fanyu Fan , Wei Shao

Compressing large-scale neural networks is essential for deploying models on resource-constrained devices. Most existing methods adopt weight pruning or low-bit quantization individually, often resulting in suboptimal compression rates to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Ziyi Wang , Nan Jiang , Guang Lin , Qifan Song

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in NLP, but their demands hinder their widespread deployment. While Quantization-Aware Training (QAT) offers a solution, its extensive training costs make Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) a more practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Jing Liu , Ruihao Gong , Xiuying Wei , Zhiwei Dong , Jianfei Cai , Bohan Zhuang

Diffusion models excel in image generation but are computational and resource-intensive due to their reliance on iterative Markov chain processes, leading to error accumulation and limiting the effectiveness of naive compression techniques.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Beomseok Ko , Hyeryung Jang

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) and Quantization-Aware Training (QAT) represent two mainstream model quantization approaches. However, PTQ often leads to unacceptable performance degradation in quantized models, while QAT imposes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Xinhao Wang , Zhiwei Lin , Zhongyu Xia , Yongtao Wang

Quantization is a key method for deploying deep neural networks on edge devices with limited memory and computation resources. Recent improvements in Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) methods were achieved by an additional local optimization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Ofir Gordon , Elad Cohen , Hai Victor Habi , Arnon Netzer

This paper presents a compression framework for Reservoir Computing that enables systematic design-space exploration of trade-offs among quantization levels, pruning rates, model accuracy, and hardware efficiency. The proposed approach…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Atousa Jafari , Mahdi Taheri , Hassan Ghasemzadeh Mohammadi , Christian Herglotz , Marco Platzner

ML-powered code generation aims to assist developers to write code in a more productive manner, by intelligently generating code blocks based on natural language prompts. Recently, large pretrained deep learning models have substantially…

Post-training quantization (PTQ) of large language models (LLMs) holds the promise in reducing the prohibitive computational cost at inference time. Quantization of all weight, activation and key-value (KV) cache tensors to 4-bit without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Utkarsh Saxena , Sayeh Sharify , Kaushik Roy , Xin Wang

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have achieved significant advances in a wide range of applications. However, their deployment on resource-constrained devices remains a challenge due to the large number of layers and parameters, which result in…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Sara Makenali , Babak Rokh , Ali Azarpeyvand