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Visualizations are powerful tools for conveying information but often rely on accompanying text for essential context and guidance. This study investigates the impact of annotation patterns on reader preferences and comprehension accuracy…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Anjana Arunkumar , Lace Padilla , Chris Bryan

The term "Code Mixed" refers to the use of more than one language in the same text. This phenomenon is predominantly observed on social media platforms, with an increasing amount of adaptation as time goes on. It is critical to detect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Aryan Patil , Varad Patwardhan , Abhishek Phaltankar , Gauri Takawane , Raviraj Joshi

Sentiment analysis benefits from large, hand-annotated resources in order to train and test machine learning models, which are often data hungry. While some languages, e.g., English, have a vast array of these resources, most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Jeremy Barnes , Roman Klinger

Code-mixing (CM), where speakers blend languages within a single expression, is prevalent in multilingual societies but poses challenges for natural language processing due to its complexity and limited data. We propose using a large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Linda Zeng

With the growing presence of multilingual users on social media, detecting abusive language in code-mixed text has become increasingly challenging. Code-mixed communication, where users seamlessly switch between English and their native…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Manish Pandey , Nageshwar Prasad Yadav , Mokshada Adduru , Sawan Rai

This paper discusses the results obtained for different techniques applied for performing the sentiment analysis of social media (Twitter) code-mixed text written in Hinglish. The various stages involved in performing the sentiment analysis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Gaurav Singh

In this work, we use language modeling to investigate the factors that influence insertional code-switching. Code-switching occurs when a speaker alternates between one language variety (the primary language) and another (the secondary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Debasmita Bhattacharya , Marten van Schijndel

In recent years, multimodal natural language processing, aimed at learning from diverse data types, has garnered significant attention. However, there needs to be more clarity when it comes to analysing multimodal tasks in multi-lingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Gaurish Thakkar , Sherzod Hakimov , Marko Tadić

Code-switching is a phenomenon of mixing grammatical structures of two or more languages under varied social constraints. The code-switching data differ so radically from the benchmark corpora used in NLP community that the application of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-25 Irshad Ahmad Bhat , Riyaz Ahmad Bhat , Manish Shrivastava , Dipti Misra Sharma

This paper describes our approach to submissions made at Shared Task 2 at BLP Workshop - Sentiment Analysis of Bangla Social Media Posts. Sentiment Analysis is an action research area in the digital age. With the rapid and constant growth…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Pratinav Seth , Rashi Goel , Komal Mathur , Swetha Vemulapalli

Offensive Language detection in social media platforms has been an active field of research over the past years. In non-native English spoken countries, social media users mostly use a code-mixed form of text in their posts/comments. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Charangan Vasantharajan , Uthayasanker Thayasivam

Code-switching speech refers to a means of expression by mixing two or more languages within a single utterance. Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) with End-to-End (E2E) modeling for such speech can be a challenging task due to the lack of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-21 Haibin Yu , Yuxuan Hu , Yao Qian , Ma Jin , Linquan Liu , Shujie Liu , Yu Shi , Yanmin Qian , Edward Lin , Michael Zeng

Sentiment analysis is a vast area in the Machine learning domain. A lot of work is done on datasets and their analysis of the English Language. In Pakistan, a huge amount of data is in roman Urdu language, it is scattered all over the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Tooba Tehreem

Code-mixing is a well-studied linguistic phenomenon that occurs when two or more languages are mixed in text or speech. Several studies have been conducted on building datasets and performing downstream NLP tasks on code-mixed data.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Nishat Raihan , Dhiman Goswami , Antara Mahmud , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Marcos Zampieri

Current approaches to cross-lingual sentiment analysis try to leverage the wealth of labeled English data using bilingual lexicons, bilingual vector space embeddings, or machine translation systems. Here we show that it is possible to use a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-25 Mohamed Abdalla , Graeme Hirst

Although research on emotion classification has significantly progressed in high-resource languages, it is still infancy for resource-constrained languages like Bengali. However, unavailability of necessary language processing tools and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Avishek Das , Omar Sharif , Mohammed Moshiul Hoque , Iqbal H. Sarker

The rapid production of data on the internet and the need to understand how users are feeling from a business and research perspective has prompted the creation of numerous automatic monolingual sentiment detection systems. More recently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-26 Nazanin Sabri , Ali Edalat , Behnam Bahrak

Transformer-based models have revolutionized the field of natural language processing. To understand why they perform so well and to assess their reliability, several studies have focused on questions such as: Which linguistic properties…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Akhilesh Aravapalli , Mounika Marreddy , Radhika Mamidi , Manish Gupta , Subba Reddy Oota

The increasing use of social media sites in countries like India has given rise to large volumes of code-mixed data. Sentiment analysis of this data can provide integral insights into people's perspectives and opinions. Developing robust…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Aman Priyanshu , Aleti Vardhan , Sudarshan Sivakumar , Supriti Vijay , Nipuna Chhabra

Comparable texts are topic-aligned documents in multiple languages that are not direct translations. They are valuable for understanding how a topic is discussed across languages. This research studies differences in sentiments and emotions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Motaz Saad , David Langlois , Kamel Smaili