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X-ray imaging is a rapid and cost-effective tool for visualizing internal human anatomy. While multi-view X-ray imaging provides complementary information that enhances diagnosis, intervention, and education, acquiring images from multiple…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Chun Xie , Yuichi Yoshii , Itaru Kitahara

In this paper, we present XctDiff, an algorithm framework for reconstructing CT from a single radiograph, which decomposes the reconstruction process into two easily controllable tasks: feature extraction and CT reconstruction.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-17 Qingze Bai , Tiange Liu , Zhi Liu , Yubing Tong , Drew Torigian , Jayaram Udupa

3D reconstruction of medical imaging from 2D images has become an increasingly interesting topic with the development of deep learning models in recent years. Previous studies in 3D reconstruction from limited X-ray images mainly rely on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-06 Weinan Song , Haoxin Zheng , Dezhan Tu , Chengwen Liang , Lei He

We introduce Diffusion Active Learning, a novel approach that combines generative diffusion modeling with data-driven sequential experimental design to adaptively acquire data for inverse problems. Although broadly applicable, we focus on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Luis Barba , Johannes Kirschner , Tomas Aidukas , Manuel Guizar-Sicairos , Benjamín Béjar

Sparse views X-ray computed tomography has emerged as a contemporary technique to mitigate radiation dose. Because of the reduced number of projection views, traditional reconstruction methods can lead to severe artifacts. Recently,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Liutao Yang , Jiahao Huang , Guang Yang , Daoqiang Zhang

Volumetric optical microscopy using non-diffracting beams enables rapid imaging of 3D volumes by projecting them axially to 2D images but lacks crucial depth information. Addressing this, we introduce MicroDiffusion, a pioneering tool…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-19 Mude Hui , Zihao Wei , Hongru Zhu , Fei Xia , Yuyin Zhou

In the intention of minimizing excessive X-ray radiation administration to patients, low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has become a distinct trend in radiology. However, while lowering the radiation dose reduces the risk to the patient,…

Medical Physics · Physics 2022-04-12 Long Zhou , Xiaozhuang Wang , Min Hou , Ping Li , Chunlong Fu , Yanjun Ren , Tingting Shao , Xi Hu , Jihong Sun , Hongwei Ye

The manifestation of symptoms associated with lung diseases can vary in different depths for individual patients, highlighting the significance of 3D information in CT scans for medical image classification. While Vision Transformer has…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-28 Zihao Jin , Yingying Fang , Jiahao Huang , Caiwen Xu , Simon Walsh , Guang Yang

Efficient and accurate brain ventricle segmentation from clinical CT scans is critical for emergency surgeries like ventriculostomy. With the challenges in poor soft tissue contrast and a scarcity of well-annotated databases for clinical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-16 Reihaneh Teimouri , Marta Kersten-Oertel , Yiming Xiao

Computed Tomography (CT) reconstruction is a fundamental component to a wide variety of applications ranging from security, to healthcare. The classical techniques require measuring projections, called sinograms, from a full 180$^\circ$…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-12 Rushil Anirudh , Hyojin Kim , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan , K. Aditya Mohan , Kyle Champley , Timo Bremer

Computed Tomography (CT) is an essential non-destructive three dimensional imaging modality used in medicine, security screening, and inspection of manufactured components. Typical CT data acquisition entails the collection of a thousand or…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-10-11 Kyle M. Champley , Michael B. Zellner , Joseph W. Tringe , Harry E. Martz

Sparse-view 3D reconstruction is essential for modeling scenes from casual captures, but remain challenging for non-generative reconstruction. Existing diffusion-based approaches mitigates this issues by synthesizing novel views, but they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Yutian Chen , Shi Guo , Renbiao Jin , Tianshuo Yang , Xin Cai , Yawen Luo , Mingxin Yang , Mulin Yu , Linning Xu , Tianfan Xue

Diffusion models have emerged as potential tools to tackle the challenge of sparse-view CT reconstruction, displaying superior performance compared to conventional methods. Nevertheless, these prevailing diffusion models predominantly focus…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-06 Kai Xu , Shiyu Lu , Bin Huang , Weiwen Wu , Qiegen Liu

In neuroimaging, generally, brain CT is more cost-effective and accessible imaging option compared to MRI. Nevertheless, CT exhibits inferior soft-tissue contrast and higher noise levels, yielding less precise structural clarity. In…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-09 Kyobin Choo , Youngjun Jun , Mijin Yun , Seong Jae Hwang

Diffusion models have been demonstrated as powerful deep learning tools for image generation in CT reconstruction and restoration. Recently, diffusion posterior sampling, where a score-based diffusion prior is combined with a likelihood…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 Shudong Li , Xiao Jiang , Matthew Tivnan , Grace J. Gang , Yuan Shen , J. Webster Stayman

We introduce a novel class of projectors for 3D cone beam tomographic reconstruction. Analytical formulas are derived to compute the relationship between the volume of a voxel projected onto a detector pixel and its contribution to the line…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-27 Vojtěch Kulvait , Julian Moosmann , Georg Rose

Synthetic tumors in medical images offer controllable characteristics that facilitate the training of machine learning models, leading to an improved segmentation performance. However, the existing methods of tumor synthesis yield…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Hongxu Yang , Edina Timko , Levente Lippenszky , Vanda Czipczer , Lehel Ferenczi

Ultrasound computed tomography (USCT) is an emerging medical imaging modality that holds great promise for improving human health. Full-waveform inversion (FWI)-based image reconstruction methods account for the relevant wave physics to…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-10-20 Fu Li , Umberto Villa , Nebojsa Duric , Mark A. Anastasio

Diffusion-based voxel prior modelling is challenging for the reconstruction of large-scale 3D porous microstructures. Due to the demanding requirements for simultaneously modelling both the continuous pore morphology and the discrete…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Yue Shi , Peng Wang , Mingzhe Yu , Yunlong Zhao , Li Liu , Gareth D Hatton , Yan Lyu , Liangxiu Han

Segmentation of brain structures from MRI is crucial for evaluating brain morphology, yet existing CNN and transformer-based methods struggle to delineate complex structures accurately. While current diffusion models have shown promise in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Qilong Xing , Zikai Song , Yuteng Ye , Yuke Chen , Youjia Zhang , Na Feng , Junqing Yu , Wei Yang