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While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong math reasoning abilities through Reinforcement Learning with *Verifiable Rewards* (RLVR), many advanced mathematical problems are proof-based, with no guaranteed way to determine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Haotong Yang , Zitong Wang , Shijia Kang , Siqi Yang , Wenkai Yu , Xu Niu , Yike Sun , Yi Hu , Zhouchen Lin , Muhan Zhang

Higher-order constructs extend the expressiveness of first-order (Constraint) Logic Programming ((C)LP) both syntactically and semantically. At the same time assertions have been in use for some time in (C)LP systems helping programmers…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2014-04-17 Nataliia Stulova , José F. Morales , Manuel V. Hermenegildo

We present simple, self-contained proofs of correctness for algorithms for linearity testing and program checking of linear functions on finite subsets of integers represented as n-bit numbers. In addition we explore a generalization of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-06-24 Sheela Devadas , Ronitt Rubinfeld

Recent developments in deep neural networks (DNNs) have led to their adoption in safety-critical systems, which in turn has heightened the need for guaranteeing their safety. These safety properties of DNNs can be proven using tools…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Remi Desmartin , Omri Isac , Grant Passmore , Kathrin Stark , Guy Katz , Ekaterina Komendantskaya

Automated fact-checking systems often struggle with trustworthiness, as their generated explanations can include hallucinations. In this work, we explore evidence attribution for fact-checking explanation generation. We introduce a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Rui Xing , Timothy Baldwin , Jey Han Lau

We present Lean Refactor, a plug-and-play retrieval-augmented agentic framework for multi-objective, controllable, and version-robust refactoring of Lean proofs. LLM-generated proofs are notoriously correct-but-verbose and brittle across…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Jialin Lu , Soonho Kong , Rodrigo Stehling , Kaiyu Yang , Zhangyang Wang , Weiran Sun , Wuyang Chen

As AI promises to accelerate scientific discovery, it remains unclear whether fully AI-driven research is possible and whether it can adhere to key scientific values, such as transparency, traceability and verifiability. Mimicking human…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-30 Tal Ifargan , Lukas Hafner , Maor Kern , Ori Alcalay , Roy Kishony

The automated generation of exercises may substantially reduce the time educators devote to manual exercise design. A major obstacle to the integration of such automation into teaching practice, however, lies in the ability to control the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-10 João Mendes , João Marcos , Patrick Terrematte

The ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform reasoning tasks such as deduction has been widely investigated in recent years. Yet, their capacity to generate proofs-faithful, human-readable explanations of why conclusions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Hui Yang , Jiaoyan Chen , Uli Sattler

Undergraduate students of artificial intelligence often struggle with representing knowledge as logical sentences. This is a skill that seems to require extensive practice to obtain, suggesting a teaching strategy that involves the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2015-07-15 Angelo Kyrilov , David Noelle

We introduce CSLib, an open-source framework for proving computer-science-related theorems and writing formally verified code in the Lean proof assistant. CSLib aims to be for computer science what Lean's Mathlib is for mathematics. Mathlib…

Designing algorithms with provable guarantees that also work well in practice remains difficult, requiring both mathematical reasoning and careful implementation. Existing approaches that bridge worst-case theory and empirical performance,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Janardhan Kulkarni

Advances in training, post-training, and inference-time methods have enabled frontier reasoning models to win gold medals in math competitions and settle challenging open problems. Gaining trust in the responses of these models requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Aaditya Naik , Guruprerana Shabadi , Rajeev Alur , Mayur Naik

Large language model (LLM) based task plans and corresponding human demonstrations for embodied AI may be noisy, with unnecessary actions, redundant navigation, and logical errors that reduce policy quality. We propose an iterative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Ananth Hariharan , Vardhan Dongre , Dilek Hakkani-Tür , Gokhan Tur

Evidence plays a crucial role in automated fact-checking. When verifying real-world claims, existing fact-checking systems either assume the evidence sentences are given or use the search snippets returned by the search engine. Such methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Xuming Hu , Junzhe Chen , Zhijiang Guo , Philip S. Yu

Reliable verification of proofs remains a bottleneck for training and evaluating AI systems on hard mathematical reasoning. Fully formal proofs, in languages like Lean, are easy to verify because they are unambiguous and modular. Most…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Slim Barkallah , Luke Bailey , Kaiyue Wen , Mohammed Abouzaid , Tengyu Ma

The reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have been significantly improved through reinforcement learning (RL). Nevertheless, LLMs still struggle to consistently verify their own reasoning traces. This raises the research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Xiaoxuan Wang , Bo Liu , Song Jiang , Jingzhou Liu , Jingyuan Qi , Xia Chen , Baosheng He

Verification proofs encode complete program behavior, yet we discard them after checking correctness. We present compiling by proving, a paradigm that transforms these proofs into optimized execution rules. By constructing All-Path…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Jianhong Zhao , Everett Hildenbrandt , Juan Conejero , Yongwang Zhao

Current large language models (LLMs) can exhibit near-human levels of performance on many natural language-based tasks, including open-domain question answering. Unfortunately, at this time, they also convincingly hallucinate incorrect…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Siqing Huo , Negar Arabzadeh , Charles L. A. Clarke

Higher-order constructs extend the expressiveness of first-order (Constraint) Logic Programming ((C)LP) both syntactically and semantically. At the same time assertions have been in use for some time in (C)LP systems helping programmers…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2014-06-03 Nataliia Stulova , José F. Morales , Manuel V. Hermenegildo