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Modern preference alignment methods, such as DPO, rely on divergence regularization to a reference model for training stability-but this creates a fundamental problem we call "reference mismatch." In this paper, we investigate the negative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Jiwoo Hong , Sayak Paul , Noah Lee , Kashif Rasul , James Thorne , Jongheon Jeong

Text-to-image generative models excel in creating images from text but struggle with ensuring alignment and consistency between outputs and prompts. This paper introduces TextMatch, a novel framework that leverages multimodal optimization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yucong Luo , Mingyue Cheng , Jie Ouyang , Xiaoyu Tao , Qi Liu

Generative image models produce striking visuals yet often misrepresent culture. Prior work has examined cultural bias mainly in text-to-image (T2I) systems, leaving image-to-image (I2I) editors underexplored. We bridge this gap with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Huichan Seo , Sieun Choi , Minki Hong , Yi Zhou , Junseo Kim , Lukman Ismaila , Naome Etori , Mehul Agarwal , Zhixuan Liu , Jihie Kim , Jean Oh

Text-to-Image (T2I) models have raised security concerns due to their potential to generate inappropriate or harmful images. In this paper, we propose UPAM, a novel framework that investigates the robustness of T2I models from the attack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Duo Peng , Qiuhong Ke , Jun Liu

The steady improvements of text-to-image (T2I) generative models lead to slow deprecation of automatic evaluation benchmarks that rely on static datasets, motivating researchers to seek alternative ways to evaluate the T2I progress. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Jiahui Chen , Candace Ross , Reyhane Askari-Hemmat , Koustuv Sinha , Melissa Hall , Michal Drozdzal , Adriana Romero-Soriano

We address the task of advertisement image generation and introduce three evaluation metrics to assess Creativity, prompt Alignment, and Persuasiveness (CAP) in generated advertisement images. Despite recent advancements in Text-to-Image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Aysan Aghazadeh , Adriana Kovashka

Text-to-image generation has advanced rapidly, yet aligning complex textual prompts with generated visuals remains challenging, especially with intricate object relationships and fine-grained details. This paper introduces Fast Prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Khalil Mrini , Hanlin Lu , Linjie Yang , Weilin Huang , Heng Wang

Text-to-Image (T2I) generative models have revolutionized content creation, yet they inherently risk amplifying societal biases. While sociological research provides systematic classifications of bias, existing T2I benchmarks largely…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Hanjun Luo , Zhimu Huang , Haoyu Huang , Ziye Deng , Ruizhe Chen , Xinfeng Li , Zuozhu Liu , Hanan Salam

Text-to-image (T2I) models can effectively capture the content or style of reference images to perform high-quality customization. A representative technique for this is fine-tuning using low-rank adaptations (LoRA), which enables efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Geonhui Jang , Jin-Hwa Kim , Yong-Hyun Park , Junho Kim , Gayoung Lee , Yonghyun Jeong

Text-to-image (T2I) models, while offering immense creative potential, are highly reliant on human intervention, posing significant usability challenges that often necessitate manual, iterative prompt engineering over often underspecified…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Xingchen Wan , Han Zhou , Ruoxi Sun , Hootan Nakhost , Ke Jiang , Rajarishi Sinha , Sercan Ö. Arık

We introduce ``Idea to Image,'' a system that enables multimodal iterative self-refinement with GPT-4V(ision) for automatic image design and generation. Humans can quickly identify the characteristics of different text-to-image (T2I) models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Zhengyuan Yang , Jianfeng Wang , Linjie Li , Kevin Lin , Chung-Ching Lin , Zicheng Liu , Lijuan Wang

While prompt optimization has emerged as a critical technique for enhancing language model performance, existing approaches primarily focus on elicitation-based strategies that search for optimal prompts to activate models' capabilities.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yunzhe Xu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Zhe Liu

Recent advancements in text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating high-fidelity images. However, these models often struggle to faithfully render complex user prompts, particularly in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Linqing Wang , Ximing Xing , Yiji Cheng , Zhiyuan Zhao , Donghao Li , Tiankai Hang , Jiale Tao , Qixun Wang , Ruihuang Li , Comi Chen , Xin Li , Mingrui Wu , Xinchi Deng , Shuyang Gu , Chunyu Wang , Qinglin Lu

Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have demonstrated impressive image generation capabilities. Still, their computational intensity prohibits resource-constrained organizations from deploying T2I models after fine-tuning them on their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Alireza Ganjdanesh , Reza Shirkavand , Shangqian Gao , Heng Huang

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has emerged as an effective and lightweight framework for post-training visual generative models. However, its performance is fundamentally limited by the ambiguity of textual visual correspondence:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ruiying Liu , Yuanzhi Liang , Haibin Huang , Tianshu Yu , Chi Zhang

Rectified Flow (RF) models trained with a Flow matching framework have achieved state-of-the-art performance on Text-to-Image (T2I) conditional generation. Yet, multiple benchmarks show that synthetic images can still suffer from poor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Chao Wang , Giulio Franzese , Alessandro Finamore , Pietro Michiardi

Text-to-image (T2I) models offer great potential for creating virtually limitless synthetic data, a valuable resource compared to fixed and finite real datasets. Previous works evaluate the utility of synthetic data from T2I models on three…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Zhang Xiaofeng , Aaron Courville , Michal Drozdzal , Adriana Romero-Soriano

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive success in various applications. However, these models are often not well aligned with human intents, which calls for additional treatments on them; that is, the alignment problem. To make…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Jiale Cheng , Xiao Liu , Kehan Zheng , Pei Ke , Hongning Wang , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang , Minlie Huang

Text-to-image (T2I) models are capable of generating visually impressive images, yet they often fail to accurately capture specific attributes in user prompts, such as the correct number of objects with the specified colors. The diversity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Kevin David Hayes , Micah Goldblum , Vikash Sehwag , Gowthami Somepalli , Ashwinee Panda , Tom Goldstein

Recent text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models show outstanding performance in generating high-quality images conditioned on textual prompts. However, they fail to semantically align the generated images with the prompts due to their limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Ruichen Wang , Zekang Chen , Chen Chen , Jian Ma , Haonan Lu , Xiaodong Lin
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