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Over the past few decades, open source software has been continuously integrated into software supply chains worldwide, drastically increasing reliance and dependence. Because of the role this software plays, it is important to understand…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Elijah Kayode Adejumo , Brittany Johnson

CONTEXT: There is growing interest in establishing software engineering as an evidence-based discipline. To that end, replication is often used to gain confidence in empirical findings, as opposed to reproduction where the goal is showing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Martin Shepperd

Scaling up executable code data is significant for improving language models' software engineering capability. The intricate nature of the process makes it labor-intensive, time-consuming and expert-knowledge-dependent to build a large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Ruida Hu , Chao Peng , Xinchen Wang , Junjielong Xu , Cuiyun Gao

Context: It has been argued that software engineering replications are useful for verifying the results of previous experiments. However, it has not yet been agreed how to check whether the results hold across replications. Besides, some…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Adrian Santos , Sira Vegas , Markku Oivo , Natalia Juristo

This paper introduces ReservoirTTA, a novel plug-in framework designed for prolonged test-time adaptation (TTA) in scenarios where the test domain continuously shifts over time, including cases where domains recur or evolve gradually. At…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Guillaume Vray , Devavrat Tomar , Xufeng Gao , Jean-Philippe Thiran , Evan Shelhamer , Behzad Bozorgtabar

The evaluation of code-generating Large Language Models (LLMs) is fundamentally constrained by two intertwined challenges: a reliance on static, easily contaminated problem sources and the use of superficial, low-rigor testing. This paper…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Zhe Zhang , Runlin Liu , Aishan Liu , Xingyu Liu , Xiang Gao , Hailong Sun

The shift from cloud-hosted Large Language Models (LLMs) to locally deployed open-source Small Language Models (SLMs) has democratized AI-assisted coding; however, it has also decentralized the environmental footprint of AI. While prompting…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Md Afif Al Mamun , Sayan Nath , Gias Uddin , Novarun Deb

Repository-level code generation aims to generate code within the context of a specified repository. Existing approaches typically employ retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) techniques to provide LLMs with relevant contextual information…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yang Liu , Li Zhang , Fang Liu , Zhuohang Wang , Donglin Wei , Zhishuo Yang , Kechi Zhang , Jia Li , Lin Shi

The evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) for software engineering has shifted towards complex, repository-level tasks. However, existing benchmarks predominantly rely on coarse-grained pass rates that treat programming proficiency as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Lingyue Fu , Hao Guan , Bolun Zhang , Haowei Yuan , Yaoming Zhu , Jun Xu , Zongyu Wang , Lin Qiu , Xunliang Cai , Xuezhi Cao , Weiwen Liu , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu

Context: Technical lag accumulates when software systems fail to keep pace with technological advancements, leading to a deterioration in software quality. Objective: This paper aims to consolidate existing research on technical lag,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shane K. Panter , Nasir U. Eisty

Large-scale key-value storage systems sacrifice consistency in the interest of dependability (i.e., partition tolerance and availability), as well as performance (i.e., latency). Such systems provide eventual consistency,which---to this…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2012-11-21 Muntasir Raihan Rahman , Wojciech Golab , Alvin AuYoung , Kimberly Keeton , Jay J. Wylie

RAG systems are increasingly deployed in high-stakes domains where users expect outputs to be consistent across semantically equivalent queries. However, existing systems often exhibit significant inconsistencies due to variability in both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Faisal Hamman , Chenyang Zhu , Anoop Kumar , Xujun Peng , Sanghamitra Dutta , Daben Liu , Alfy Samuel

The rapid expansion of research in LLM safety presents challenges in tracking advancements, making benchmarks important evaluation infrastructures for identifying key trends and facilitating systematic comparisons. Yet no systematic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Junjie Chu , Xinyue Shen , Ye Leng , Michael Backes , Yun Shen , Yang Zhang

Large language models are increasingly capable at closed-world mathematical reasoning, but research assistance also requires source-grounded use of the literature. When a proof reaches a non-trivial step, a useful assistant should determine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zicheng Lyu , Wenjie Yang , Shengzhong Zhang , Zengfeng Huang

The advancement of large language models has intensified the need to modernize enterprise applications and migrate legacy systems to secure, versatile languages. However, existing code translation benchmarks primarily focus on individual…

Synchronizing production and test code, known as PT co-evolution, is critical for software quality in the software development lifecycle. Existing methods for automatic PT co-evolution either utilize predefined heuristic rules or rely on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Jianlei Chi , Xiaotian Wang , Yuhan Huang , Lechen Yu , Di Cui , Jianguo Sun , Jun Sun

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on function-level code generation benchmarks, yet real-world software development increasingly demands class-level implementations that integrate multiple methods,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Musfiqur Rahman , SayedHassan Khatoonabadi , Emad Shihab

Large language models (LLMs) for code editing have achieved remarkable progress, yet recent empirical studies reveal a fundamental disconnect between technical accuracy and developer productivity. Despite their strong benchmark performance,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Chenyan Liu , Yun Lin , Jiaxin Chang , Jiawei Liu , Binhang Qi , Bo Jiang , Zhiyong Huang , Jin Song Dong

AI evaluations have become critical tools for assessing large language model capabilities and safety. This paper presents practical insights from eight months of maintaining $inspect\_evals$, an open-source repository of 70+…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Alexandra Abbas , Celia Waggoner , Justin Olive

Advancements in large language models (LLMs) have led to a surge of prompt engineering (PE) techniques that can enhance various requirements engineering (RE) tasks. However, current LLMs are often characterized by significant uncertainty…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Kaicheng Huang , Fanyu Wang , Yutan Huang , Chetan Arora