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With emerging storage-class memory (SCM) nearing commercialization, there is evidence that it will deliver the much-anticipated high density and access latencies within only a few factors of DRAM. Nevertheless, the latency-sensitive nature…

This article summarizes the idea of "refresh-access parallelism," which was published in HPCA 2014, and examines the work's significance and future potential. The overarching objective of our HPCA 2014 paper is to reduce the significant…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-04 K. K. Chang , D. Lee , Z. Chishti , A. R. Alameldeen , C. Wilkerson , Y. Kim , O. Mutlu

This paper summarizes our work on experimental characterization and analysis of reduced-voltage operation in modern DRAM chips, which was published in SIGMETRICS 2017, and examines the work's significance and future potential. We take a…

Today's systems are overwhelmingly designed to move data to computation. This design choice goes directly against at least three key trends in systems that cause performance, scalability and energy bottlenecks: (1) data access from memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Onur Mutlu , Saugata Ghose , Juan Gómez-Luna , Rachata Ausavarungnirun

In the last decade, specific-purpose computing and storage devices, such as GPUs, TPUs, or high-speed storage, have been incorporated into server nodes of Supercomputers and Data centers. The development of high-bandwidth memory (HBM)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Joaquin Tarraga-Moreno , Jesus Escudero-Sahuquillo , Pedro Javier Garcia , Francisco J. Quiles

The reduced inertia in power system introduces more operation risks and challenges to frequency regulation. The existing virtual inertia and frequency support control are restricted by the normally non-dispatchable energy resources behind…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-30 Chu Sun , Syed Qaseem Ali , Geza Joos

In the modern era, cellular communication consumers are exponentially increasing as they find the system more user-friendly. Due to enormous users and their numerous demands, it has become a mandate to make the best use of the limited radio…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2015-10-15 Mostafa Zaman Chowdhury , Mohammad Arif Hossain , Shakil Ahmed , Yeong Min Jang

DRAM-based main memories have read operations that destroy the read data, and as a result, must buffer large amounts of data on each array access to keep chip costs low. Unfortunately, system-level trends such as increased memory contention…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Justin Meza , Jing Li , Onur Mutlu

Per-Row Activation Counting (PRAC), a DRAM read disturbance mitigation method, modifies key DRAM timing parameters, reportedly causing significant performance overheads in simulator-based studies. However, given known discrepancies between…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jumin Kim , Seungmin Baek , Minbok Wi , Hwayong Nam , Michael Jaemin Kim , Sukhan Lee , Kyomin Sohn , Jung Ho Ahn

We consider Parallel Random Access Machine (PRAM) which has some processors and memory cells faulty. The faults considered are static, i.e., once the machine starts to operate, the operational/faulty status of PRAM components does not…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-01-12 Bogdan S. Chlebus , Leszek Gasieniec , Andrzej Pelc

On-chip memory (usually based on Static RAMs-SRAMs) are crucial components for various computing devices including heterogeneous devices, e.g., GPUs, FPGAs, ASICs to achieve high performance. Modern workloads such as Deep Neural Networks…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-07-20 İsmail Emir Yüksel , Behzad Salami , Oğuz Ergin , Osman Sabri Ünsal , Adrian Cristal Kestelman

Generational improvements to commodity DRAM throughout half a century have long solidified its prevalence as main memory across the computing industry. However, overcoming today's DRAM technology scaling challenges requires new solutions…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Minesh Patel , Taha Shahroodi , Aditya Manglik , Abdullah Giray Yağlıkçı , Ataberk Olgun , Haocong Luo , Onur Mutlu

Two distinguishing features of state-of-the-art mobile and autonomous systems are 1) there are often multiple workloads, mainly deep neural network (DNN) inference, running concurrently and continuously; and 2) they operate on shared memory…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Ismet Dagli , Mehmet Belviranli

Provisioning of Quality of Service (QoS) is the key concern for Radio Resource Management now-a-days. In this paper, an efficient dynamic channel borrowing architecture has been proposed that ensures better QoS. The proposed scheme lessens…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-10-08 Mohammad Arif Hossain , Shakil Ahmed , Mostafa Zaman Chowdhury

This article features extended summaries and retrospectives of some of the recent research done by our research group, SAFARI, on (1) various critical problems in memory systems and (2) how memory system bottlenecks affect graphics…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-30 Onur Mutlu , Saugata Ghose , Rachata Ausavarungnirun

Reliability is a crucial requirement in any modern microprocessor to assure correct execution over its lifetime. As mission critical components are becoming common in commodity systems; e.g., control of autonomous cars, the demand for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-09-10 Freddy Gabbay , Avi Mendelson

This paper challenges the existing victim-focused counter-based RowHammer detection mechanisms by experimentally demonstrating a novel multi-sided fault injection attack technique called Threshold Breaker. This mechanism can effectively…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Ranyang Zhou , Jacqueline Liu , Sabbir Ahmed , Nakul Kochar , Adnan Siraj Rakin , Shaahin Angizi

Memory bandwidth is critical in today's high performance computing systems. The bandwidth is particularly paramount for GPU workloads such as 3D Gaming, Imaging and Perceptual Computing, GPGPU due to their data-intensive nature. As the…

Performance · Computer Science 2018-08-13 Ishwar Bhati , Udit Dhawan , Jayesh Gaur , Sreenivas Subramoney , Hong Wang

RowHammer (RH) is a significant and worsening security, safety, and reliability issue of modern DRAM chips that can be exploited to break memory isolation. Therefore, it is important to understand real DRAM chips' RH characteristics.…

Now days, manufacturers are focusing on increasing the concurrency in multiprocessor system-on-a-chip (MPSoC) architecture instead of increasing clock speed, for embedded systems. Traditionally lock-based synchronization is provided to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2012-02-06 Shaily Mittal , Nitin