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Visual grounding is the task of localising image regions from natural language queries and is critical for reasoning capable Graphical User Interface agents. Many existing methods rely on massive, noisy synthetic datasets. This work…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Georgios Pantazopoulos , Eda B. Özyiğit

With the increasing adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs), rich document analysis technologies for applications like Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and visual RAG are gaining significant attention.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Nobuhiro Ueda , Yuyang Dong , Krisztián Boros , Daiki Ito , Takuya Sera , Masafumi Oyamada

In multimodal large language models (MLLMs), the surge of visual tokens significantly increases the inference time and computational overhead, making them impractical for real-time or resource-constrained applications. Visual token pruning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Qihui Zhu , Tao Zhang , Yuchen Wang , Zijian Wen , Mengjie Zhang , Shuangwu Chen , Xiaobin Tan , Jian Yang , Yang Liu , Zhenhua Dong , Xianzhi Yu , Yinfei Pan

Graphical User Interface (GUI) Agents, powered by large language and vision-language models, hold promise for enabling end-to-end automation in digital environments. However, their progress is fundamentally constrained by the scarcity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Musen Lin , Minghao Liu , Taoran Lu , Lichen Yuan , Yiwei Liu , Haonan Xu , Yu Miao , Yuhao Chao , Zhaojian Li

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are transforming the capabilities of graphical user interface (GUI) agents, facilitating their transition from controlled simulations to complex, real-world applications across various platforms.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Boyu Gou , Ruohan Wang , Boyuan Zheng , Yanan Xie , Cheng Chang , Yiheng Shu , Huan Sun , Yu Su

Graphical user interface (GUI) grounding is a fundamental task for building GUI agents. However, general vision-language models (VLMs) struggle with this task due to a lack of specific optimization. We identify a key gap in this paper:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Weiming Li , Yan Shao , Jing Yang , Yujing Lu , Ling Zhong , Yuhan Wang , Manni Duan

Accurately retrieving images that are semantically similar remains a fundamental challenge in computer vision, as traditional methods often fail to capture the relational and contextual nuances of a scene. We introduce PRISm (Pruning-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Dimitrios Georgoulopoulos , Nikolaos Chaidos , Angeliki Dimitriou , Giorgos Stamou

Recent Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have advanced multi-modal understanding by incorporating finer-grained visual perception and encoding. However, such methods incur significant computational costs due to longer visual token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ce Zhang , Kaixin Ma , Tianqing Fang , Wenhao Yu , Hongming Zhang , Zhisong Zhang , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

Graphical User Interface (GUI) tasks are vital for automating workflows such as software testing, user interface navigation. For users, the GUI is the most intuitive platform for interacting with a computer. Previous work identified a key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Zheng Hui , Yinheng Li , Dan zhao , Tianyi Chen , Colby Banbury , Kazuhito Koishida

The adoption of Vision Transformers (ViTs) in resource-constrained applications necessitates improvements in inference throughput. To this end several token pruning and merging approaches have been proposed that improve efficiency by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Benjamin Bergner , Christoph Lippert , Aravindh Mahendran

Recent advancements in Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents have predominantly focused on training paradigms like supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning (RL). However, the challenge of high-dynamic GUI environments remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Enqi Liu , Liyuan Pan , Zhi Gao , Yan Yang , Chenrui Shi , Yang Liu , Jingrong Wu , Qing Li

Vision encoders typically generate a large number of visual tokens, providing information-rich representations but significantly increasing computational demands. This raises the question of whether all generated tokens are equally valuable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Eduard Allakhverdov , Elizaveta Goncharova , Andrey Kuznetsov

Omnimodal Large Language Models (Omni-LLMs) incur substantial computational overhead due to the large number of multimodal input tokens they process, making token reduction essential for real-world deployment. Existing Omni-LLM pruning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Chaeyoung Jung , Kyeongha Rho , Joon Son Chung

With the advancement of large-scale language modeling techniques, large multimodal models combining visual encoders with large language models have demonstrated exceptional performance in various visual tasks. Most of the current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Yi Chen , Jian Xu , Xu-Yao Zhang , Wen-Zhuo Liu , Yang-Yang Liu , Cheng-Lin Liu

Text-to-image diffusion models often struggle to achieve accurate semantic alignment between generated images and text prompts while maintaining efficiency for deployment on resource-constrained hardware. Existing approaches either incur…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Ziji Lu

GUI grounding, the task of mapping natural-language instructions to pixel coordinates, is crucial for autonomous agents, yet remains difficult for current VLMs. The core bottleneck is reliable patch-to-pixel mapping, which breaks when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Suyuchen Wang , Tianyu Zhang , Ahmed Masry , Christopher Pal , Spandana Gella , Bang Liu , Perouz Taslakian

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have become central to autonomous driving systems, yet their deployment is severely bottlenecked by the massive computational overhead of multi-view camera and multi-frame video input. Existing token pruning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Lin Sha , Haiyun Guo , Tao Wang , Cong Zhang , Min Huang , Jinqiao Wang , Qinghai Miao

Recent progress in Multimodal Large Language Models(MLLMs) often use large image tokens to compensate the visual shortcoming of MLLMs, which not only exhibits obvious redundancy but also greatly exacerbates the already high computation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Weihao Ye , Qiong Wu , Wenhao Lin , Yiyi Zhou

Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) enable strong multimodal reasoning but incur heavy inference costs from redundant visual tokens. Token pruning alleviates this issue, yet existing approaches face limitations. Attention-based methods rely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Youngeun Kim , Youjia Zhang , Huiling Liu , Aecheon Jung , Sunwoo Lee , Sungeun Hong

Generation of stroke-based non-photorealistic imagery, is an important problem in the computer vision community. As an endeavor in this direction, substantial recent research efforts have been focused on teaching machines "how to paint", in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Jaskirat Singh , Liang Zheng