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Foundation models have transformed natural language processing and computer vision, and a rapidly growing literature on time-series foundation models (TSFMs) seeks to replicate this success in forecasting. While recent open-source models…

Recent advances in deep learning have driven rapid progress in time series forecasting, yet many state-of-the-art models continue to struggle with robust performance in real-world applications, even when they achieve strong results on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Qitai Tan , Yiyun Chen , Mo Li , Ruiwen Gu , Yilin Su , Xiao-Ping Zhang

Time series foundation models (TSFMs) are revolutionizing the forecasting landscape from specific dataset modeling to generalizable task evaluation. However, we contend that existing benchmarks exhibit common limitations in four dimensions:…

Benchmark quality is critical for meaningful evaluation and sustained progress in time series forecasting, particularly with the rise of pretrained models. Existing benchmarks often have limited domain coverage or overlook real-world…

Understanding the relationship between textual news and time-series evolution is a critical yet under-explored challenge in applied data science. While multimodal learning has gained traction, existing multimodal time-series datasets fall…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Jialin Chen , Aosong Feng , Ziyu Zhao , Juan Garza , Gaukhar Nurbek , Cheng Qin , Ali Maatouk , Leandros Tassiulas , Yifeng Gao , Rex Ying

Time series are generated in diverse domains such as economic, traffic, health, and energy, where forecasting of future values has numerous important applications. Not surprisingly, many forecasting methods are being proposed. To ensure…

Synthetic time series are essential tools for data augmentation, stress testing, and algorithmic prototyping in quantitative finance. However, in cryptocurrency markets, characterized by 24/7 trading, extreme volatility, and rapid regime…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-08-06 Yihao Ang , Qiang Wang , Qiang Huang , Yifan Bao , Xinyu Xi , Anthony K. H. Tung , Chen Jin , Zhiyong Huang

We introduce TFRBench, the first benchmark designed to evaluate the reasoning capabilities of forecasting systems. Traditionally, time-series forecasting has been evaluated solely on numerical accuracy, treating foundation models as ``black…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Md Atik Ahamed , Mihir Parmar , Palash Goyal , Yiwen Song , Long T. Le , Qiang Cheng , Chun-Liang Li , Hamid Palangi , Jinsung Yoon , Tomas Pfister

Time-series forecasting is an essential task with wide real-world applications across domains. While recent advances in deep learning have enabled time-series forecasting models with accurate predictions, there remains considerable debate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Zhiyuan Zhao , Juntong Ni , Shangqing Xu , Haoxin Liu , Wei Jin , B. Aditya Prakash

Driven by the transition towards a climate-neutral energy system, accurate energy time series forecasting is critical for planning and operation. Yet, it remains largely a dataset-specific task, requiring comprehensive training data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Marco Obermeier , Marco Pruckner , Florian Haselbeck , Andreas Zeiselmair

While machine learning has witnessed significant advancements, the emphasis has largely been on data acquisition and model creation. However, achieving a comprehensive assessment of machine learning solutions in real-world settings…

Benchmarking is crucial for testing and validating any system, even more so in real-time systems. Typical real-time applications adhere to well-understood abstractions: they exhibit a periodic behavior, operate on a well-defined working…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Mattia Nicolella , Shahin Roozkhosh , Denis Hoornaert , Andrea Bastoni , Renato Mancuso

Time series forecasting attempts to predict future events by analyzing past trends and patterns. Although well researched, certain critical aspects pertaining to the use of deep learning in time series forecasting remain ambiguous. Our…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Kiran Madhusudhanan , Shayan Jawed , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

Effective imputation is a crucial preprocessing step for time series analysis. Despite the development of numerous deep learning algorithms for time series imputation, the community lacks standardized and comprehensive benchmark platforms…

Forecasting has become a natural benchmark for reasoning under uncertainty. Yet existing evaluations of large language models remain limited to judgmental tasks in simple formats, such as binary or multiple-choice questions. In practice,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jeremy Qin , Maksym Andriushchenko

Time Series Forecasting (TSF) is key functionality in numerous fields, such as financial investment, weather services, and energy management. Although increasingly capable TSF methods occur, many of them require domain-specific data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Zhe Li , Xiangfei Qiu , Peng Chen , Yihang Wang , Hanyin Cheng , Yang Shu , Jilin Hu , Chenjuan Guo , Aoying Zhou , Christian S. Jensen , Bin Yang

Deep time series forecasting has emerged as a rapidly growing field in recent years. Despite the exponential growth of community interests, progress on standard benchmarks is often limited to marginal improvements. A common consensus of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yuxuan Wang , Haixu Wu , Yuezhou Ma , Yuchen Fang , Ziyi Zhang , Yong Liu , Shiyu Wang , Zhou Ye , Yang Xiang , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

It is unclear whether strong forecasting performance reflects genuine temporal understanding or the ability to reason under contextual and event-driven conditions. We introduce TemporalBench, a multi-domain benchmark designed to evaluate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Muyan Weng , Defu Cao , Wei Yang , Yashaswi Sharma , Yan Liu

In this paper, we introduce PredBench, a benchmark tailored for the holistic evaluation of spatio-temporal prediction networks. Despite significant progress in this field, there remains a lack of a standardized framework for a detailed and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 ZiDong Wang , Zeyu Lu , Di Huang , Tong He , Xihui Liu , Wanli Ouyang , Lei Bai

Time series forecasting is essential for operational intelligence in the hospitality industry, and particularly challenging in large-scale, distributed systems. This study evaluates the performance of statistical, machine learning (ML),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Issar Arab , Rodrigo Benitez
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