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Long chain-of-thought (CoT) significantly enhances the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, extensive reasoning traces lead to inefficiencies and increased time-to-first-token (TTFT). We propose a training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Roy Xie , David Qiu , Deepak Gopinath , Dong Lin , Yanchao Sun , Chong Wang , Saloni Potdar , Bhuwan Dhingra

This work revisits the dominant supervised fine-tuning (SFT) then reinforcement learning (RL) paradigm for training Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), and reveals a key finding: SFT can significantly undermine subsequent RL by inducing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Hardy Chen , Haoqin Tu , Fali Wang , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Xinya Du , Yuyin Zhou , Cihang Xie

End-to-end autonomous driving frameworks face persistent challenges in generalization, training efficiency, and interpretability. While recent methods leverage Vision-Language Models (VLMs) through supervised learning on large-scale…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Lin Li , Yuxin Cai , Jianwu Fang , Jianru Xue , Chen Lv

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable abilities by integrating large language models with visual inputs. However, they often fail to utilize visual evidence adequately, either depending on linguistic priors in vision-centric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xiaojun Guo , Runyu Zhou , Yifei Wang , Qi Zhang , Chenheng Zhang , Stefanie Jegelka , Xiaohan Wang , Jiajun Chai , Guojun Yin , Wei Lin , Yisen Wang

With the rapid advancement of vision-language models, an increasing number of studies have explored their potential for SVG generation tasks. Although existing approaches improve performance by constructing large-scale SVG datasets and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Haomin Wang , Qi Wei , Qianli Ma , Shengyuan Ding , Jinhui Yin , Kai Chen , Hongjie Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) excel at mathematical reasoning and logical problem-solving. The current popular training paradigms primarily use supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning (RL) to enhance the models' reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Jack Chen , Fazhong Liu , Naruto Liu , Yuhan Luo , Erqu Qin , Harry Zheng , Tian Dong , Haojin Zhu , Yan Meng , Xiao Wang

Current Reinforcement Learning (RL) methodologies for Large Language Models (LLMs) often rely on simplistic, outcome-based reward signals (e.g., final answer correctness), which limits the depth of learning from each interaction. This paper…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Xiangfan Wu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in document understanding. However, their reasoning processes remain largely black-box, making it difficult to ensure reliability and trustworthiness,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Wenwen Yu , Zhibo Yang , Yuliang Liu , Xiang Bai

Small Vision Language Models (SVLMs) generally refer to models with parameter sizes less than or equal to 2B. Their low cost and power consumption characteristics confer high commercial value. However, their reasoning abilities are limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Fanyi Wang , Binzhi Dong , Haotian Hu , Jinjin Xu , Zhiwang Zhang

Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) reasoning have been largely attributed to the rise of reinforcement Learning (RL), which has shifted the community's focus away from the supervised fine-tuning (SFT) paradigm. Many studies…

Accurate chart comprehension represents a critical challenge in advancing multimodal learning systems, as extensive information is compressed into structured visual representations. However, existing vision-language models (VLMs) frequently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xin Zhang , Xingyu Li , Rongguang Wang , Ruizhong Miao , Zheng Wang , Dan Roth , Chenyang Li

Spatial reasoning remains a critical yet underdeveloped capability in existing vision-language models (VLMs), especially for Spatial Visual Question Answering (Spatial VQA) tasks that require understanding relative positions, distances, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Peiyao Wang , Haibin Ling

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in complex reasoning tasks like mathematical problem-solving. However, existing research predominantly relies on reinforcement learning (RL) frameworks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-12 ShaoZhen Liu , Xinting Huang , Houwen Peng , Xin Chen , Xinyang Song , Qi Li , Zhenan Sun

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLM) are primarily pre-trained on the RGB modality, thereby limiting their performance on other modalities, such as infrared, depth, and event data, which are crucial for complex scenarios. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jiahe Wu , Bing Cao , Qilong Wang , Qinghua Hu , Dongdong Li , Pengfei Zhu

Reinforcement Learning (RL) benefits Large Language Models (LLMs) for complex reasoning. Inspired by this, we explore integrating spatio-temporal specific rewards into Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to address the unique…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Xinhao Li , Ziang Yan , Desen Meng , Lu Dong , Xiangyu Zeng , Yinan He , Yali Wang , Yu Qiao , Yi Wang , Limin Wang

While chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning has substantially improved multimodal large language models (MLLMs) on complex reasoning tasks, existing approaches largely rely on long textual reasoning trajectories and provide limited mechanisms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Siqu Ou , Tianrui Wan , Zhiyuan Zhao , Junyu Gao , Xuelong Li

With respect to improving the reasoning accuracy of LLMs, the representative reinforcement learning (RL) method GRPO faces failure due to insignificant reward variance, while verification methods based on process reward models (PRMs) suffer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Sining Zhoubian , Dan Zhang , Jie Tang

Recent work shows that reinforcement learning(RL) can markedly sharpen the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs) by prompting them to "think before answering." Yet whether and how these gains transfer to audio-language reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Cheng Wen , Tingwei Guo , Shuaijiang Zhao , Wei Zou , Xiangang Li

Self-supervised reinforcement learning (RL) presents a promising approach for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) without reliance on expensive human-annotated data. However, we find that existing methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Bizhe Bai , Hongming Wu , Peng Ye , Tao Chen

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) has significantly enhanced the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), especially when combined with reinforcement learning (RL) based post-training methods. While longer reasoning traces can improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Qinhang Wu , Sen Lin , Ming Zhang , Yingbin Liang , Ness B. Shroff