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This paper introduces VLMFusionOcc3D, a robust multimodal framework for dense 3D semantic occupancy prediction in autonomous driving. Current voxel-based occupancy models often struggle with semantic ambiguity in sparse geometric grids and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 A. Enes Doruk , Hasan F. Ates

Deploying depth estimation networks in the real world requires high-level robustness against various adverse conditions to ensure safe and reliable autonomy. For this purpose, many autonomous vehicles employ multi-modal sensor systems,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ukcheol Shin , Kyunghyun Lee , Jean Oh

Predicting pedestrian crossing intentions is crucial for the navigation of mobile robots and intelligent vehicles. Although recent deep learning-based models have shown significant success in forecasting intentions, few consider incomplete…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yu Liu , Zhijie Liu , Zedong Yang , You-Fu Li , He Kong

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) networks offer the potential for high-speed data transfer and precise localization, leveraging large antenna arrays and extensive bandwidths. However, these networks are challenged by significant path loss and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Wan-Ting Shih , Chao-Kai Wen , Shang-Ho Tsai , Shi Jin , Chau Yuen

Beamforming (BF) is essential for enhancing system capacity in fifth generation (5G) and beyond wireless networks, yet exhaustive beam training in ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems incurs substantial overhead. To…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-11 Yanliang Jin , Yunfan Li , Jiang Jun , Yuan Gao , Shengli Liu , Jianbo Du , Zhaohui Yang , Shugong Xu

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication enables high data rates for cellular-connected Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). However, a robust beam management remains challenging due to significant path loss and the dynamic mobility of UAVs,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-15 Vendi Ardianto Nugroho , Byung Moo Lee

This paper introduces a fully deep learning approach to monocular SLAM, which can perform simultaneous localization using a neural network for learning visual odometry (L-VO) and dense 3D mapping. Dense 2D flow and a depth image are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-07-26 Cheng Zhao , Li Sun , Pulak Purkait , Tom Duckett , Rustam Stolkin

Integrating sensing and communication (ISAC) has emerged as a cornerstone technology for predictive beamforming in 6G-enabled vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks. However, existing ISAC paradigms rely solely on radio frequency (RF) signal,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Chen Shang , Dinh Thai Hoang , Jiadong Yu

The problem of beam alignment and tracking in high mobility scenarios such as high-speed railway (HSR) becomes extremely challenging, since large overhead cost and significant time delay are introduced for fast time-varying channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Fan Meng , Shengheng Liu , Yongming Huang , Zhaohua Lu

This work proposes a mmWave radar's scene flow estimation framework supervised by data from a widespread visual-inertial (VI) sensor suite, allowing crowdsourced training data from smart vehicles. Current scene flow estimation methods for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Kezhong Liu , Yiwen Zhou , Mozi Chen , Jianhua He , Jingao Xu , Zheng Yang , Chris Xiaoxuan Lu , Shengkai Zhang

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies promise multi-gigabit connectivity for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks, but face challenges in terms of severe path loss and mobility-related beam misalignment. Reliable V2X connectivity requires…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Avhishek Biswas , Apala Pramanik , Eylem Ekici , Mehmet C. Vuran

LiDAR place recognition is a critical capability for autonomous navigation and cross-modal localization in large-scale outdoor environments. Existing approaches predominantly depend on pre-built 3D dense maps or aerial imagery, which impose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Shuhao Kang , Martin Y. Liao , Yan Xia , Olaf Wysocki , Boris Jutzi , Daniel Cremers

This paper investigates the integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) in vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) networks. To realize ISAC, an effective beamforming design is essential which however, highly depends on the availability of accurate…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-28 Chang Liu , Weijie Yuan , Shuangyang Li , Xuemeng Liu , Husheng Li , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Yonghui Li

In near-field extremely large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (XL-MIMO) systems, spherical wavefront propagation expands the traditional beam codebook into the joint angular-distance domain, rendering conventional beam training…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-18 Mengyuan Li , Qianfan Lu , Jiachen Tian , Hongjun Hu , Yu Han , Xiao Li , Chao-kai Wen , Shi Jin

Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is one of the most essential techniques in many real-world robotic applications. The assumption of static environments is common in most SLAM algorithms, which however, is not the case for most…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Han Wang , Jing Ying Ko , Lihua Xie

LiDAR odometry can achieve accurate vehicle pose estimation for short driving range or in small-scale environments, but for long driving range or in large-scale environments, the accuracy deteriorates as a result of cumulative estimation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-16 Lizhou Liao , Chunyun Fu , Binbin Feng , Tian Su

Challenging indoor and urban environments with severe multipath propagation and obstructed LoS (OLoS) degrade classical radio frequency (RF) positioning. Multipath-based simultaneous localization and mapping (MP-SLAM) is a promising remedy,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-01 Benjamin J. B. Deutschmann , Klaus Witrisal , Erik Leitinger

Vision-language models enable the understanding and reasoning of complex traffic scenarios through multi-source information fusion, establishing it as a core technology for autonomous driving. However, existing vision-language models are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Minghui Hou , Wei-Hsing Huang , Shaofeng Liang , Daizong Liu , Tai-Hao Wen , Gang Wang , Runwei Guan , Weiping Ding

Multi-sensor fusion is essential for accurate 3D object detection in self-driving systems. Camera and LiDAR are the most commonly used sensors, and usually, their fusion happens at the early or late stages of 3D detectors with the help of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Javed Ahmad , Alessio Del Bue

Image matching is a fundamental and critical task in various visual applications, such as Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) and image retrieval, which require accurate pose estimation. However, most existing methods ignore the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Miao Fan , Mingrui Chen , Chen Hu , Shuchang Zhou