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This paper proposes a novel multi-antenna architecture, termed ray antenna array (RAA), which aims to enhance wireless communication performance in a cost-effective manner. RAA is composed of massive cheap antenna elements and a few radio…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-27 Zhenjun Dong , Zhiwen Zhou , Yong Zeng

Fluid antennas (FAs) and movable antennas (MAs) have drawn increasing attention in wireless communications recently due to their ability to create favorable channel conditions via local antenna movement within a confined region. In this…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-26 Xin Wei , Weidong Mei , Dong Wang , Boyu Ning , Zhi Chen

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) are an emerging technology that promises a significant diversity gain even in the smallest spaces. Motivated by the groundbreaking potentials of liquid antennas, researchers in the wireless communication…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Malek Khammassi , Abla Kammoun , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Ray antenna array (RAA) was recently proposed as a novel multi-antenna architecture that arranges multiple massive cheap antenna elements into simple uniform linear arrays (sULAs) with different orientations. Compared with traditional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-09 Xuancheng Zhu , Zhiwen Zhou , Yong Zeng

This paper proposes a novel multi-antenna architecture, termed ray antenna array (RAA), which practically enables flexible beamforming and also enhances wireless communication performance for high frequency systems in a cost-effective…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Zhenjun Dong , Zhiwen Zhou , Yong Zeng

This paper investigates a design framework for sparse fluid antenna systems (FAS) enabling high-performance direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation, particularly in challenging millimeter-wave (mmWave) environments. By ingeniously harnessing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-15 He Xu , Tuo Wu , Ye Tian , Ming Jin , Wei Liu , Qinghua Guo , Maged Elkashlan , Matthew C. Valenti , Chan-Byoung Chae , Kin-Fai Tong , Kai-Kit Wong

This paper presents the concept, design, channel modeling, beamforming algorithm development, prototype fabrication, and experimental measurement of an electromagnetically reconfigurable fluid antenna system (ER-FAS), in which each FAS…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-17 Ruiqi Wang , Pinjun Zheng , Vijith Varma Kotte , Sakandar Rauf , Yiming Yang , Muhammad Mahboob Ur Rahman , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri , Atif Shamim

This article considers the performance of wireless communication systems that utilize reconfigurable or pattern-dynamic antennas. The focus is on finite-state channels with memory and performance is assessed in terms of real-time behavior.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-29 Santhosh Kumar , Jean-Francois Chamberland , Gregory H. Huff

The reconfigurable coupler antenna (RCA), also called the flexible coupler antenna (FCA), is a new technique that aims to improve the performance of wireless communication networks by reconfiguring the positions and rotations of low-cost…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xiaodan Shao , Chuangye Shan , Weihua Zhuang , Xuemin Shen

In this letter, we propose a new wireless sensing system equipped with a rotatable antenna (RA) array to enhance the sensing performance of a uniform sparse array (USA). To tackle the severe spatial undersampling issues, we propose a novel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-22 Chengzhi Ye , Ruoyu Zhang , Jincheng Du , Wenyan Ma , Qingqing Wu , Wen Wu , Rui Zhang

Reconfigurable antennas (RAs) are a promising technology to enhance the capacity and coverage of wireless communication systems. However, RA systems have two major challenges: (i) High computational complexity of mode selection, and (ii)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Fariba Armandoust , Ehsan Tohidi , Martin Kasparick , Li Wang , Ahmet Hasim Gokceoglu , Slawomir Stanczak

Fluid antennas (FAs) is a promising technology for introducing flexibility and reconfigurability in wireless networks. Recent research efforts have highlighted the potential gains that can be achieved in comparison to conventional antennas.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-03 Constantinos Psomas , Peter J. Smith , Himal A. Suraweera , Ioannis Krikidis

Movable antenna (MA) has been deemed as a promising technology to flexibly reconfigure wireless channels by adjusting the antenna positions in a given local region. In this paper, we investigate the application of the MA technology in both…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-31 Nianzu Li , Weidong Mei , Peiran Wu , Boyu Ning , Lipeng Zhu

Pinching-antenna systems have emerged as a novel and transformative flexible-antenna architecture for next-generation wireless networks. They offer unprecedented flexibility and spatial reconfigurability by enabling dynamic positioning and…

Low-altitude economy (LAE) is an emerging technological paradigm that enables continuous airspace coverage at multiple altitudes by providing highly reliable data connectivity for numerous low-altitude applications. However, existing…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Shuaijun Li , Jie Tang , Beixiong Zheng , Lipeng Zhu , Cui Yang , Nan Zhao , Xiu Yin Zhang , Kai-Kit Wong

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) are known as a promising technology to improve the performance of wireless communication networks, and have been extensively studied. Movable Antennas (MA) are a novel technology that fully exploits…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-25 Yan Zhang , Indrakshi Dey , Nicola Marchetti

The emerging reconfigurable antenna (RA) array technology promises capacity enhancement through dynamic antenna positioning. Traditional approaches enforce half-wavelength or greater spacing among RA elements to avoid mutual coupling,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Elio Faddoul , Konstantinos Ntougias , Ioannis Krikidis

The rotary and movable antenna (ROMA) architecture represents a next-generation multi-antenna technology that enables flexible adjustment of antenna position and array rotation angles of the transceiver. In this letter, we propose a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-25 Jiayi Zhang , Wenhui Yi , Bokai Xu , Zhe Wang , Huahua Xiao , Bo Ai

Fluid antenna (FA) technology has emerged as a promising approach in wireless communications due to its capability of providing increased degrees of freedom (DoFs) and exceptional design flexibility. This paper addresses the challenge of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-15 He Xu , Tuo Wu , Ye Tian , Kangda Zhi , Wei Liu , Baiyang Liu , Hing Cheung So , Naofal Al-Dhahir , Kin-Fai Tong , Chan-Byoung Chae , Kai-Kit Wong

Fluid Antenna Systems (FAS) introduce a new degree of freedom for wireless networks by enabling the physical antenna position to adapt dynamically to changing radio conditions. While existing studies primarily emphasize physical-layer…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Ian F. Akyildiz , Tuğçe Bilen