Related papers: Second order Recurrences, quadratic number fields …

Cyclotomic polynomials are basic objects in Number Theory. Their properties depend on the number of distinct primes that intervene in the factorization of their order, and the binary case is thus the first nontrivial case. This paper sees…

Let $p$ be a prime number, $p=2^nq+1$, where $q$ is odd. D. Shanks described an algorithm to compute square roots $\pmod{p}$ which needs $O(\log q + n^2)$ modular multiplications. In this note we describe two modifications of this…

The generalized Fibonacci sequences are sequences $\{f_n\}$ which satisfy the recurrence $f_n(s, t) = sf_{n - 1}(s, t) + tf_{n - 2}(s, t)$ ($s, t \in \mathbb{Z}$) with initial conditions $f_0(s, t) = 0$ and $f_1(s, t) = 1$. In a recent…

The weight two Eisenstein series may be considered as the first example of a Katz $p$-adic modular form. Classically, its values are defined for the primes of ordinary reduction. We offer a modified definition which applies uniformly to all…

MDS codes have garnered significant attention due to their wide applications in practice. To date, most known MDS codes are equivalent to Reed-Solomon codes. The construction of non-Reed-Solomon (non-RS) type MDS codes has emerged as an…

In our previous paper \cite{co1} we have shown that the theory of circulant matrices allows to recover the result that there exists $p+1$ Mutually Unbiased Bases in dimension $p$, $p$ being an arbitrary prime number. Two orthonormal bases…

Modulo a prime number, we define semi-primitive roots as the square of primitive roots. We present a method for calculating primitive roots from quadratic residues, including semi-primitive roots. We then present progressions that generate…

In this paper we obtain some sophisticated combinatorial congruences involving binomial coefficients and confirm two conjectures of the author and Davis. They are closely related to our investigation of the periodicity of the sequence…

We define lowest weight polynomials (LWPs), motivated by $so(d,2)$ representation theory, as elements of the polynomial ring over $ d \times n $ variables obeying a system of first and second order partial differential equations. LWPs…

We continue to explore cyclotomic factors in the descent set polynomial $Q_{n}(t)$, which was introduced by Chebikin, Ehrenborg, Pylyavskyy and Readdy. We obtain large classes of factors of the form $\Phi_{2s}$ or $\Phi_{4s}$ where $s$ is…

Let $n, k$ and $a$ be positive integers. The Stirling numbers of the first kind, denoted by $s(n,k)$, count the number of permutations of $n$ elements with $k$ disjoint cycles. Let $p$ be a prime. In recent years, Lengyel, Komatsu and…

This paper presents the Quanta Prime Sequence (QPS) and its foundational theorem, showcasing a unique class of polynomials with substantial implications. The study uncovers profound connections between Quanta Prime numbers and essential…

In this study, all rings are commutative with non-zero identity and all modules are considered to be unital. Let $M$ be a left $R$-module. A proper submodule $N$ of $M$ is called an $S$-$weakly$ $prime$ submodule if $0_{M}\neq f(m)\in N$…

MDS self-dual codes over finite fields have attracted a lot of attention in recent years by their theoretical interests in coding theory and applications in cryptography and combinatorics. In this paper we present a series of MDS self-dual…

Let $p$ be a prime number. Irreducible cyclic codes of length $p^2-1$ and dimension $2$ over the integers modulo $p^h$ are shown to have exactly two nonzero Hamming weights. The construction uses the Galois ring of characteristic $p^h$ and…

The second weight of the Generalized Reed-Muller code of order $d$ over the finite field with $q$ elements is now known for $d <q$ and $d>(n-1)(q-1)$. In this paper, we determine the second weight for the other values of $d$ which are not…

We give a characterization of common zeros of a sequence of univariate polynomials $W_n(z)$ defined by a recurrence of order two with polynomial coefficients, and with $W_0(z)=1$. Real common zeros for such polynomials with real…

Let $M_n$ and $T_n$ denote the $n$th Motzkin number and the $n$th central trinomial coefficient respectively. We prove that for any prime $p\ge 5$, \begin{align*} &\sum_{k=0}^{p-1}M_k^2\equiv…

Let $(x_n)_{n\geq0}$ be a linear recurrence sequence of order $k\geq2$ satisfying $$x_n=a_1x_{n-1}+a_2x_{n-2}+\dots+a_kx_{n-k}$$ for all integers $n\geq k$, where $a_1,\dots,a_k,x_0,\dots, x_{k-1}\in \mathbb{Z},$ with $a_k\neq0$. In 2017,…

Let $p$ be a prime. In this paper, we give a complete classification of self-reciprocal polynomials arising from Fibonacci polynomials over $\mathbb{Z}$ and $\mathbb{Z}_p$, where $p=2$ and $p>5$. We also present some partial results when…