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We report on an X-ray polarimetric observation of the high-mass X-ray binary LMC X-1 in the high/soft state, obtained by the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) in October 2022. The measured polarization is below the minimum…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-10 Jakub Podgorny , Lorenzo Marra , Fabio Muleri , Nicole Rodriguez Cavero , Ajay Ratheesh , Michal Dovciak , Romana Mikusincova , Maimouna Brigitte , James F. Steiner , Alexandra Veledina , Stefano Bianchi , Henric Krawczynski , Jiri Svoboda , Philip Kaaret , Giorgio Matt , Javier A. Garcia , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci , Alexander A. Lutovinov , Andrey N. Semena , Alessandro Di Marco , Michela Negro , Martin C. Weisskopf , Adam Ingram , Juri Poutanen , Banfsheh Beheshtipour , Sohee Chun , Kun Hu , Tsunefumi Mizuno , Zhang Sixuan , Francesco Tombesi , Silvia Zane , Ivan Agudo , Lucio A. Antonelli , Matteo Bachetti , Luca Baldini , Wayne H. Baumgartner , Ronaldo Bellazzini , Stephen D. Bongiorno , Raffaella Bonino , Alessandro Brez , Niccolo Bucciantini , Fiamma Capitanio , Simone Castellano , Elisabetta Cavazzuti , Chien-Ting Chen , Stefano Ciprini , Enrico Costa , Alessandra De Rosa , Ettore Del Monte , Laura Di Gesu , Niccolo Di Lalla , Immacolata Donnarumma , Victor Doroshenko , Steven R. Ehlert , Teruaki Enoto , Yuri Evangelista , Sergio Fabiani , Riccardo Ferrazzoli , Shuichi Gunji , Kiyoshi Hayashida , Jeremy Heyl , Wataru Iwakiri , Svetlana G. Jorstad , Vladimir Karas , Fabian Kislat , Takao Kitaguchi , Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak , Fabio La Monaca , Luca Latronico , Ioannis Liodakis , Simone Maldera , Alberto Manfreda , Frederic Marin , Andrea Marinucci , Alan P. Marscher , Herman L. Marshall , Francesco Massaro , Ikuyuki Mitsuishi , Chi-Yung Ng , Stephen L. O'Dell , Nicola Omodei , Chiara Oppedisano , Alessandro Papitto , George G. Pavlov , Abel L. Peirson , Matteo Perri , Melissa Pesce-Rollins , Maura Pilia , Andrea Possenti , Simonetta Puccetti , Brian D. Ramsey , John Rankin , Oliver J. Roberts , Roger W. Romani , Carmelo Sgro , Patrick Slane , Paolo Soffitta , Gloria Spandre , Doug A. Swartz , Toru Tamagawa , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Roberto Taverna , Yuzuru Tawara , Allyn F. Tennant , Nicholas E. Thomas , Alessio Trois , Sergey S. Tsygankov , Roberto Turolla , Jacco Vink , Kinwah Wu , Fei Xie

We review the basic principles of X-ray polarimetry and current detector technologies based on the photoelectric effect, Bragg reflection, and Compton scattering. Recent technological advances in high-spatial-resolution gas-filled X-ray…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-11 Philip Kaaret

POLAR is a space-borne hard X-ray Compton polarimeter built by a collaboration of institutes from Switzerland, China and Poland. Precise detection of the polarization can be a powerful tool to unveil emission mechanisms of e.g. Gamma-Ray…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-18 Hualin Xiao , Wojtek Hajdas , Radaslow Marcinkowski

XPOL, the first correlation polarimeter at a large millimeter telescope, uses a flexible digital correlator to measure all four Stokes parameters simultaneously, i.e. the total power I, the linear polarization components Q and U, and the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Clemens Thum , Helmut Wiesemeyer , Gabriel Paubert , Santiago Navarro , David Morris

Gamma-ray polarization offers a unique probes into the geometry of the gamma-ray emission process in celestial objects. The Soft Gamma-ray Detector (SGD) onboard the X-ray observatory Hitomi is a Si/CdTe Compton camera and is expected to be…

X-rays astrophysical sources have been almost exclusively characterized through imaging, spectroscopy and timing analysis. Nevertheless, more observational parameters are needed because some radiation mechanisms present in neutrons stars or…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-06 S. Antier , O. Limousin , P. Ferrando

Compton telescope is a promising technology to achieve very high sensitivity in the soft gamma-ray band (0.1-10 MeV) by utilizing Compton kinematics. Compton kinematics also enables polarization measurement which will open new windows to…

We describe the current status of the design and development of a Thomson X-ray polarimeter suitable for a small satellite mission. Currently we are considering two detector geometries, one using rectangular detectors placed on four sides…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-09-07 Rishin P. V. , Biswajit Paul , Duraichelvan R. , Marykutty James , Jincy Devasia , Ramanath Cowsik

We report on the development of a large-volume, wide field-of-view time projection chamber (TPC) for X-ray polarimetry, featuring a triple-GEM amplification stage and optical readout. Originally developed within the CYGNO program for…

PoGOLite is a hard X-ray polarimeter operating in the 25-100 keV energy band. The instrument design is optimised for the observation of compact astrophysical sources. Observations are conducted from a stabilised stratospheric balloon…

X-rays are particularly suited to probe the physics of extreme objects. However, despite the enormous improvements of X-ray Astronomy in imaging, spectroscopy and timing, polarimetry remains largely unexplored. We propose the photoelectric…

The Low Energy Polarization Detector (LPD) is a key component of the next-generation large-scale Gamma-Ray Burst polarimeter, POLAR-2. It is designed for polarization observations of transient sources in the soft X-ray energy range with a…

The on-chip measurement of polarization states plays an increasingly crucial role in modern sensing and imaging applications. While high-performance monolithic linearly polarized photodetectors have been extensively studied, integrated…

The capability of NuSTAR to detect polarization in the Compton scattering regime (>50 keV) has been investigated. The NuSTAR mission, flown on June 2012 a Low Earth Orbit (LEO), provides a unique possibility to confirm the findings of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Simone Lotti , Lorenzo Natalucci , Paolo Giommi , B. Grefenstette , Fiona A. Harrison , Kristin K. Madsen , Matteo Perri , Simonetta Puccetti , Andreas Zoglauer

In order to fully exploit the physics potential of the ILC, it will be necessary to measure (and control) beam parameters to a permille level precision. In case of the beam polarisation, this can only be achieved with dedicated high energy…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-02-19 Christoph Bartels , Christian Helebrant , Daniela Käfer , Jenny List

X-ray polarimetry promises to give qualitatively new information about high-energy sources. Examples of interesting source classes are binary black hole systems, rotation and accretion powered neutron stars, Microquasars, Active Galactic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-20 H. Krawczynski , A. Garson , Q. Guo , M. G. Baring , P. Ghosh , M. Beilicke , K. Lee

While the scientific potential of high-energy X-ray and gamma-ray polarimetry has long been recognized, measuring the polarization of high-energy photons is challenging. To date, there has been very few significant detections from an…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-05 Denis Bernard , Tanmoy Chattopadhyay , Fabian Kislat , Nicolas Produit

An innovative particle detector that offers a compelling combination of cost-effectiveness and high accuracy is introduced. The detector features plastic scintillators paired with a sparse arrangement of SiPMs, strategically positioned…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-10-15 Yoav Simhony , Alex Segal , Yuri Orlov , Ofer Amrani , Erez Etzion

A prototype of a position sensitive photo-detector with 5.6 x 5.6 cm2 detection area readout with 64 Hamamatsu MPPCs (S10931-100P) with 3 x 3 mm2 active area each has been built and tested. The photo-sensors are arranged in a 8 x 8 array…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-03 L. Gruber , G. S. M. Ahmed , S. E. Brunner , P. Bühler , J. Marton , K. Suzuki

Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are a good alternative to photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) because their gain and quantum efficiency are comparable to PMTs. However, the largest single-chip SiPM is still less than 1~cm$^2$. In order to use…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-11-17 Felix Liang , Hartmut Brands , Les Hoy , Jeff Preston , Jason Smith