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The Bethe-Salpeter equation is a widely used approach to describe optical excitations in bulk semiconductors. It leads to spectra that are in very good agreement with experiment, but the price to pay for such accuracy is a very high…

The predictive power of the ab initio Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) approach, rigorously based on many-body Green's function theory but incorporating information from density functional theory, has already been demonstrated for the optical…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-19 Fabien Bruneval , Samia M. Hamed , Jeffrey B. Neaton

Optical properties of materials related to light absorption and scattering are explained by the excitation of electrons. The Bethe-Salpeter equation is the state-of-the-art approach to describe these processes from first principles (ab…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-08-21 Peter Benner , Carolin Penke

We present a method to compute optical spectra and exciton binding energies of molecules and solids based on the solution of the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) and the calculation of the screened Coulomb interaction in finite field. The…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-06-19 Ngoc Linh Nguyen , He Ma , Marco Govoni , Francois Gygi , Giulia Galli

The Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) is the key equation in many-body perturbation theory based on Green's functions to access response properties. Within the $GW$ approximation to the exchange-correlation kernel, the BSE has been successfully…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-02-15 Roberto Orlando , Pina Romaniello , Pierre-François Loos

We present a highly efficient method for the extraction of optical properties of very large molecules via the Bethe-Salpeter equation. The crutch of this approach is the calculation of the action of the effective Coulombic interaction, $W$,…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-08-10 Nadine Bradbury , Minh Nguyen , Justin R Caram , Daniel Neuhauser

The GW plus Bethe-Salpeter equation (GW-BSE) formalism is a well-established approach for calculating excitation energies and optical spectra of molecules, nanostructures, and crystalline materials. We implement GW-BSE in the CP2K code and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Maximilian Graml , Jan Wilhelm

The combination of two-dimensional materials into heterostructures offers new opportunities for the design of optoelectronic devices with tunable properties. However, computing electronic and optical properties of such systems using…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-07-25 Maximilian Schebek , Ignacio Gonzalez Oliva , Claudia Draxl

A time-dependent formulation for electron-hole excitations in extended finite systems, based on the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE), is developed using a stochastic wave function approach. The time-dependent formulation builds on the…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-02-11 Eran Rabani , Roi Baer , Daniel Neuhauser

In order to realize the significant potential of optical materials such as metal halides, computational techniques which give accurate optical properties are needed, which can work hand-in-hand with experiments to generate high efficiency…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-03-04 Jamie M. Booth , Mike V. Klymenko , Jared H. Cole , Salvy P. Russo

We develop an improved stochastic formalism for the Bethe-Salpeter equation, based on an exact separation of the effective-interaction $W$ to two parts, $W=(W-v_W)+v_W$ where the latter is formally any translationally-invariant interaction…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-05-03 Nadine C. Bradbury , Tucker Allen , Minh Nguyen , Khaled Ibrahim , Daniel Neuhauser

Convergence with respect to the size of the k-points sampling-grid of the Brillouin zone is the main bottleneck in the calculation of optical spectra of periodic crystals via the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE). We tackle this challenge by…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-11-24 Ignacio M. Alliati , Davide Sangalli , Myrta Grüning

We present a method to construct an efficient approximation to the bare exchange and screened direct interaction kernels of the Bethe-Salpeter Hamiltonian for periodic solid state systems via the interpolative separable density fitting…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 F. Henneke , L. Lin , C. Vorwerk , C. Draxl , R. Klein , C. Yang

In this paper, we study and implement the structural iterative eigensolvers for the large-scale eigenvalue problem in the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) based on the reduced basis approach via low-rank factorizations in generating matrices,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-03-08 Peter Benner , Sergey Dolgov , Venera Khoromskaia , Boris N. Khoromskij

The design of novel functional materials in silico is severely hampered by the lack of robust and computationally efficient methods for describing both molecular absorbance and screening on substrates. Here we employ our hybrid…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-10-15 Duncan John Mowbray , Vito Despoja

One significant drawback of a spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) technique is its time-consuming and often complicated analysis procedure necessary to assess the optical functions of thin-film and bulk samples. Here, to solve this inherent…

We present a high-performance solver for dense skew-symmetric matrix eigenvalue problems. Our work is motivated by applications in computational quantum physics, where one solution approach to solve the so-called Bethe-Salpeter equation…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-05 Carolin Penke , Andreas Marek , Christian Vorwerk , Claudia Draxl , Peter Benner

We study the optical absorption spectra of small Ag_n (n=2,4,6,8) clusters using the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) formalism with a Hamiltonian built from GW quasiparticle energies. Calculations are based on an effective core potential…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-16 Xavier Blase , Ivan Duchemin

The Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) combined with the Green's function GW method has successfully transformed into a robust computational tool to describe light-matter interactions and excitation spectra for molecules, solids, and materials…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-04-18 Christof Holzer , Yannick J. Franzke

The Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) is a powerful theoretical approach that is capable to accurately treat electron-hole interactions in materials in an excited state. We developed an ab initio framework based on the BSE to describe a…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-19 Nasrin Farahani , Daria Popova-Gorelova