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The rapid evolution of neural architectures - from multilayer perceptrons to large-scale Transformer-based models - has enabled language models (LLMs) to exhibit emergent agentic behaviours when equipped with memory, planning, and external…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Andrejs Sorstkins , Josh Bailey , Dr Alistair Baron

Large language models (LLMs), initially developed for generative AI, are now evolving into agentic AI systems, which make decisions in complex, real-world contexts. Unfortunately, while their generative capabilities are well-documented,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Matthew DosSantos DiSorbo , Harang Ju , Sinan Aral

As large language models increasingly mediate firm - customer interactions, firms face a tradeoff: the most capable models perform well but are costly and difficult to control at scale. Existing knowledge distillation methods address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Tong Wang , K. Sudhir

Effective prompting of generative AI is challenging for many users, particularly in expressing context for comprehension tasks such as explaining spreadsheet formulas, Python code, and text passages. Prompt middleware aims to address this…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Ian Drosos , Jack Williams , Advait Sarkar , Nicholas Wilson

Recently, large language models have facilitated the emergence of highly intelligent conversational AI capable of engaging in human-like dialogues. However, a notable distinction lies in the fact that these AI models predominantly generate…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Jijie Zhou , Yuhan Hu

Large language models (LLMs) excel in open domains but struggle in specialized settings with limited data and evolving knowledge. Existing domain adaptation practices rely heavily on manual trial-and-error processes, incur significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Sidharth Sinha , Anson Bastos , Xuchao Zhang , Akshay Nambi , Chetan Bansal , Saravan Rajmohan

Large Language Model agents are reshaping the industrial landscape. However, most practical agents remain human-designed because tasks differ widely, making them labor-intensive to build. This situation poses a central question: can we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Zhezheng Hao , Hong Wang , Jian Luo , Jianqing Zhang , Yuyan Zhou , Qiang Lin , Can Wang , Hande Dong , Jiawei Chen

In this paper, we consider the problem of unsupervised domain adaptation in the semantic segmentation. There are two primary issues in this field, i.e., what and how to transfer domain knowledge across two domains. Existing methods mainly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Jinyu Yang , Weizhi An , Chaochao Yan , Peilin Zhao , Junzhou Huang

Sentiment analysis using deep learning and pre-trained language models (PLMs) has gained significant traction due to their ability to capture rich contextual representations. However, existing approaches often underperform in scenarios…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Peter Atandoh , Jie Zou , Weikang Guo , Jiwei Wei , Zheng Wang

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents have demonstrated remarkable success in solving complex tasks across a wide range of general-purpose applications. However, their performance often degrades in context-specific scenarios, such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Mourad Aouini , Jinan Loubani

Ensuring that critical IoT systems function safely and smoothly depends a lot on finding anomalies quickly. As more complex systems, like smart healthcare, energy grids and industrial automation, appear, it is easier to see the shortcomings…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Raghav Sharma , Manan Mehta

Predicting affect in unconstrained environments remains a fundamental challenge in human-centered AI. While deep neural embeddings dominate contemporary approaches, they often lack interpretability and limit expert-driven refinement. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Kosmas Pinitas , Ilias Maglogiannis

The automation of scientific discovery represents a critical milestone in Artificial Intelligence (AI) research. However, existing agentic systems for science suffer from two fundamental limitations: rigid, pre-programmed workflows that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Ed Li , Junyu Ren , Xintian Pan , Cat Yan , Chuanhao Li , Dirk Bergemann , Zhuoran Yang

Empathy is a critical factor in fostering positive user experiences in conversational AI. While models can display empathy, it is often generic rather than tailored to specific tasks and contexts. In this work, we introduce a novel…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Erfan Shayegani , Jina Suh , Andy Wilson , Nagu Rangan , Javier Hernandez

Most prior works on communication in multi-agent reinforcement learning have focused on emergent communication, which often results in inefficient and non-interpretable systems. Inspired by the role of language in natural intelligence, we…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Maxime Toquebiau , Jae-Yun Jun , Faïz Benamar , Nicolas Bredeche

Preservation of domain knowledge from the source to target is crucial in any translation workflow. It is common in the translation industry to receive highly specialized projects, where there is hardly any parallel in-domain data. In such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Yasmin Moslem , Rejwanul Haque , John D. Kelleher , Andy Way

On-device AI agents offer the potential for personalized, low-latency assistance, but their deployment is fundamentally constrained by limited memory capacity, which restricts usable context. This reduced practical context window creates a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Sanidhya Vijayvargiya , Rahul Lokesh

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have propelled intelligent agents from reactive responses to proactive support. While promising, existing proactive agents either rely exclusively on observations from enclosed environments…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Bufang Yang , Lilin Xu , Liekang Zeng , Kaiwei Liu , Siyang Jiang , Wenrui Lu , Hongkai Chen , Xiaofan Jiang , Guoliang Xing , Zhenyu Yan

People are becoming increasingly comfortable using Digital Assistants (DAs) to interact with services or connected objects. However, for non-programming users, the available possibilities for customizing their DA are limited and do not…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-01-20 Nicolas Lair , Clément Delgrange , David Mugisha , Jean-Michel Dussoux , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer , Peter Ford Dominey

Modern engineered systems increasingly involve complex sociotechnical environments where multiple agents, including humans and the emerging paradigm of agentic AI powered by large language models, must navigate social dilemmas that pit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Qiliang Chen , Sepehr Ilami , Nunzio Lore , Babak Heydari