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Understanding urban mobility requires models that capture how people interact with and navigate the built environment. We present a scalable, generalizable agent-based framework in which daily schedules emerge from the interplay between…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-30 Sandro M. Reia , Henrique F. de Arruda , Shiyang Ruan , Taylor Anderson , Hamdi Kavak , Dieter Pfoser

Uncovering how inequality emerges from human interaction is imperative for just societies. Here we show that the way social groups interact in face-to-face situations can enable the emergence of disparities in the visibility of social…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-03-17 Marcos Oliveira , Fariba Karimi , Maria Zens , Johann Schaible , Mathieu Génois , Markus Strohmaier

In this paper we analyze urban spatial segregation phenomenon in terms of the income distribution over a population, and inflationary parameter weighting the evolution of housing prices. For this, we develop a discrete, spatially extended…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-08-29 Antonio Aguilera , Edgardo Ugalde

Despite the plethora of research devoted to analyzing the impact of disability on travel behavior, not enough studies have investigated the varying impact of social and environmental factors on the mode choice of people with disabilities…

Applications · Statistics 2024-02-06 Majbah Uddin , Meiyu , Pan , Ho-Ling Hwang

We model the dynamics of the Schelling model for agents described simply by a continuously distributed variable - wealth. Agents move to neighborhoods where their wealth is not lesser than that of some proportion of their neighbors, the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-05-23 Anand Sahasranaman , Henrik Jeldtoft Jensen

Modeling mixed-traffic motion and interactions is crucial to assess safety, efficiency, and feasibility of future urban areas. The lack of traffic regulations, diverse transport modes, and the dynamic nature of mixed-traffic zones like…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Fatema T. Johora , Dongfang Yang , Jörg P. Müller , Ümit Özgüner

Understanding the causal effects of air pollution exposures on social mobility is attracting increasing attention. At the same time, education is widely recognized as a key driver of social mobility. However, the causal pathways linking…

Human mobility is a fundamental process underpinning socioeconomic life and urban structure. Classic theories, such as egocentric activity spaces and central place theory, provide crucial insights into specific facets of movement, like…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-05-22 Lu Zhong , Lei Dong , Qi Wang , Chaoming Song , Jianxi Gao

Urban income segregation is a widespread phenomenon that challenges societies across the globe. Classical studies on segregation have largely focused on the geographic distribution of residential neighborhoods rather than on patterns of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Xiaowen Dong , Alfredo J. Morales , Eaman Jahani , Esteban Moro , Bruno Lepri , Burcin Bozkaya , Carlos Sarraute , Yaneer Bar-Yam , Alex Pentland

Modeling of human mobility is critical to address questions in urban planning and transportation, as well as global challenges in sustainability, public health, and economic development. However, our understanding and ability to model…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-08-01 Oriol Cabanas-Tirapu , Lluís Danús , Esteban Moro , Marta Sales-Pardo , Roger Guimerà

Gravity is one of the most prominent models used across various social areas, including economics, demography, mobility, politics, and other systems where spatial interactions are relevant. The model represents a flexible approach that…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-04-03 Rafael Prieto-Curiel

Urban mobility is central to economic activity, social inclusion, and access to essential services. COVID-19 caused disruptions to mobility globally, yet its long-term impacts in less developed countries remain poorly understood. Using over…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-06-16 Carmen Cabrera , Miguel González-Leonardo , Andrea Nasuto , Ruth Neville , Francisco Rowe

Heatwaves are intensifying as a major climate extreme and have emerged as a growing public health threat in rapidly urbanizing regions such as India. In this study, we integrate long-term heat-related mortality records (1970-2023) with…

This study presents an initial framework for distinguishing group and single pedestrians based on real-world trajectory data, with the aim of analyzing their differences in space utilization and emergent behavioral patterns. By segmenting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Amartaivan Sanjjamts , Morita Hiroshi

Socioeconomic inequalities in cities are embedded in space and result in neighborhood effects, whose harmful consequences have proved very hard to counterbalance efficiently by planning policies alone. Considering redistribution of money…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-12-27 Thomas Louail , Maxime Lenormand , Juan Murillo Arias , José J. Ramasco

Ecologists have long investigated how demographic and movement parameters determine the spatial distribution and critical habitat size of a population. However, most models oversimplify movement behavior, neglecting how landscape…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-03-11 Vivian Dornelas , Pablo de Castro , Justin M. Calabrese , William F. Fagan , Ricardo Martinez-Garcia

In the past decade, large scale mobile phone data have become available for the study of human movement patterns. These data hold an immense promise for understanding human behavior on a vast scale, and with a precision and accuracy never…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-02-17 Nathalie E. Williams , Timothy A. Thomas , Matthew Dunbar , Nathan Eagle , Adrian Dobra

A day in the life of a person involves a broad range of activities which are common across many people. Going beyond diurnal cycles, a central question is: to what extent do individuals act according to patterns shared across an entire…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-01-25 Anders Mollgaard , Sune Lehmann , Joachim Mathiesen

Human mobility is a fundamental aspect of social behavior, with broad applications in transportation, urban planning, and epidemic modeling. Represented by the gravity model and the radiation model, established analytical models for…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-07 Hao Guo , Weiyu Zhang , Junjie Yang , Yuanqiao Hou , Lei Dong , Yu Liu

The complex relationship between climate shocks, migration, and adaptation hampers a rigorous understanding of the heterogeneous mobility outcomes of farm households exposed to climate risk. To unpack this heterogeneity, the analysis…

General Economics · Economics 2024-03-15 Marco Letta , Pierluigi Montalbano , Adriana Paolantonio
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