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The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Edge Computing has presented challenges for centralized Machine and Deep Learning (ML/DL) methods due to the presence of distributed data silos that hold sensitive information. To…

This study presents a federated learning (FL) framework for privacy-preserving electrocardiogram (ECG) classification in Internet of Things (IoT) healthcare environments. By transforming 1D ECG signals into 2D Gramian Angular Field (GAF)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Youssef Elmir , Yassine Himeur , Abbes Amira

Device failure detection is one of most essential problems in industrial internet of things (IIoT). However, in conventional IIoT device failure detection, client devices need to upload raw data to the central server for model training,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Weishan Zhang , Qinghua Lu , Qiuyu Yu , Zhaotong Li , Yue Liu , Sin Kit Lo , Shiping Chen , Xiwei Xu , Liming Zhu

As IoT ecosystems continue to expand across critical sectors, they have become prominent targets for increasingly sophisticated and large-scale malware attacks. The evolving threat landscape, combined with the sensitive nature of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Rami Darwish , Mahmoud Abdelsalam , Sajad Khorsandroo , Kaushik Roy

In a connection of many IoT devices that each collect data, normally training a machine learning model would involve transmitting the data to a central server which requires strict privacy rules. However, some owners are reluctant of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Niyomukiza Thamar , Hossam Samy Elsaid Sharara

Intelligent Internet-of-Things (IoT) will be transformative with the advancement of artificial intelligence and high-dimensional data analysis, shifting from "connected things" to "connected intelligence". This shall unleash the full…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-30 Kai Yang , Yuanming Shi , Yong Zhou , Zhanpeng Yang , Liqun Fu , Wei Chen

There is a growing trend of cyberattacks against Internet of Things (IoT) devices; moreover, the sophistication and motivation of those attacks is increasing. The vast scale of IoT, diverse hardware and software, and being typically placed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Xabier Sáez-de-Cámara , Jose Luis Flores , Cristóbal Arellano , Aitor Urbieta , Urko Zurutuza

As a promising method of central model training on decentralized device data while securing user privacy, Federated Learning (FL)is becoming popular in Internet of Things (IoT) design. However, when the data collected by IoT devices are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Tian Liu , Jiahao Ding , Ting Wang , Miao Pan , Mingsong Chen

The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) and its integration with backbone networks have heightened the risk of security breaches. Traditional centralized approaches to anomaly detection, which require transferring large volumes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Devashish Chaudhary , Sutharshan Rajasegarar , Shiva Raj Pokhrel , Lei Pan , Ruby D

Substation meters play a critical role in monitoring and ensuring the stable operation of power grids, yet their detection of cracks and other physical defects is often hampered by a severe scarcity of annotated samples. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Jackie Alex , Justin Petter

Federated learning can be a promising solution for enabling IoT cybersecurity (i.e., anomaly detection in the IoT environment) while preserving data privacy and mitigating the high communication/storage overhead (e.g., high-frequency data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Tuo Zhang , Chaoyang He , Tianhao Ma , Lei Gao , Mark Ma , Salman Avestimehr

In this position paper, we discuss the critical need for integrating zero trust (ZT) principles into next-generation communication networks (5G/6G). We highlight the challenges and introduce the concept of an intelligent zero trust…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Keyvan Ramezanpour , Jithin Jagannath

Medical image segmentation is crucial for computer-aided diagnosis, yet privacy constraints hinder data sharing across institutions. Federated learning addresses this limitation, but existing approaches often rely on lightweight…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Tong Wang , Xingyue Zhao , Linghao Zhuang , Haoyu Zhao , Jiayi Yin , Yuyang He , Gang Yu , Bo Lin

Heterogeneous Internet of Things (IoT) systems suffer from fragmentation across hardware architectures, networking stacks, and data serialization formats. Existing standards (such as MQTT, COAP, and DDS) rely on address-bound, imperative…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yeison David Mejia Mosquera

Owing to the large volume of sensed data from the enormous number of IoT devices in operation today, centralized machine learning algorithms operating on such data incur an unbearable training time, and thus cannot satisfy the requirements…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-21 Shashank Jere , Qiang Fan , Bodong Shang , Lianjun Li , Lingjia Liu

This paper focuses on Zero-Trust Foundation Models (ZTFMs), a novel paradigm that embeds zero-trust security principles into the lifecycle of foundation models (FMs) for Internet of Things (IoT) systems. By integrating core tenets, such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Kai Li , Conggai Li , Xin Yuan , Shenghong Li , Sai Zou , Syed Sohail Ahmed , Wei Ni , Dusit Niyato , Abbas Jamalipour , Falko Dressler , Ozgur B. Akan

Machine learning has enhanced the performance of decoding signals indicating human behaviour. EEG decoding, as an exemplar indicating neural activity and human thoughts non-invasively, has been helpful in neural activity analysis and aiding…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-14 Xiaoxi Wei , Jyotindra Narayan , A. Aldo Faisal

Interaction between devices, people, and the Internet has given birth to a new digital communication model, the Internet of Things (IoT). The seamless network of these smart devices is the core of this IoT model. However, on the other hand,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Muhammad Asam , Saddam Hussain Khan , Tauseef Jamal , Asifullah Khan

Medical image segmentation remains challenging in low-data regimes, where scarce annotations often yield poor generalization and ambiguous boundaries with missing fine structures. Recent self-supervised pretraining has improved…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Zhiquan Chen , Haitao Wang , Guowei Zou , Hejun Wu

Federated Fine-Tuning (FFT) has attracted growing interest as it leverages both server- and client-side data to enhance global model generalization while preserving privacy, and significantly reduces the computational burden on edge devices…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Yanmeng Wang , Zhiwen Dai , Shuai Wang , Jian Zhou , Fu Xiao , Tony Q. S. Quek , Tsung-Hui Chang