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Introduction: In the realm of human-computer interaction and behavioral research, accurate real-time gaze estimation is critical. Traditional methods often rely on expensive equipment or large datasets, which are impractical in many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Esther Enhui Ye , John Enzhou Ye , Joseph Ye , Jacob Ye , Runzhou Ye

Top-performing landmark estimation algorithms are based on exploiting the excellent ability of large convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to represent local appearance. However, it is well known that they can only learn weak spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Andrés Prados-Torreblanca , José M. Buenaposada , Luis Baumela

With the rapid development of deep learning technology in the past decade, appearance-based gaze estimation has attracted great attention from both computer vision and human-computer interaction research communities. Fascinating methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Yunhan Wang , Xiangwei Shi , Shalini De Mello , Hyung Jin Chang , Xucong Zhang

Human gaze provides valuable information on human focus and intentions, making it a crucial area of research. Recently, deep learning has revolutionized appearance-based gaze estimation. However, due to the unique features of gaze…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Yihua Cheng , Haofei Wang , Yiwei Bao , Feng Lu

The ability of gaze estimation models to generalize is often significantly hindered by various factors unrelated to gaze, especially when the training dataset is limited. Current strategies aim to address this challenge through different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Pengwei Yin , Jingjing Wang , Guanzhong Zeng , Di Xie , Jiang Zhu

Conventional feature-based and model-based gaze estimation methods have proven to perform well in settings with controlled illumination and specialized cameras. In unconstrained real-world settings, however, such methods are surpassed by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Seonwook Park , Xucong Zhang , Andreas Bulling , Otmar Hilliges

In human-computer interaction, head pose estimation profoundly influences application functionality. Although utilizing facial landmarks is valuable for this purpose, existing landmark-based methods prioritize precision over simplicity and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Menan Velayuthan , Asiri Gawesha , Purushoth Velayuthan , Nuwan Kodagoda , Dharshana Kasthurirathna , Pradeepa Samarasinghe

Appearance-based gaze estimation has attracted more and more attention because of its wide range of applications. The use of deep convolutional neural networks has improved the accuracy significantly. In order to improve the estimation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Zhaokang Chen , Bertram E. Shi

As a critical cue for understanding human intention, human gaze provides a key signal for Human-Computer Interaction(HCI) applications. Appearance-based gaze estimation, which directly regresses the gaze vector from eye images, has made…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Shaobo Guo , Xiao Jiang , Zhizhong Su , Rui Wu , Xin Wang

We explore techniques for eye gaze estimation using machine learning. Eye gaze estimation is a common problem for various behavior analysis and human-computer interfaces. The purpose of this work is to discuss various model types for eye…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Aveena Kottwani , Ayush Kumar

Appearance-based gaze estimation (AGE) has achieved remarkable performance in constrained settings, yet we reveal a significant generalization gap where existing AGE models often fail in practical, unconstrained scenarios, particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Zhenhao Li , Zheng Liu , Seunghyun Lee , Amin Fadaeinejad , Yuanhao Yu

Accurate face detection and facial landmark localization are crucial to any face recognition system. We present a series of three single-stage RCNNs with different sized backbones (MobileNetV2-25, MobileNetV2-100, and ResNet101) and a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-19 Samuel W. F. Earp , Pavit Noinongyao , Justin A. Cairns , Ankush Ganguly

We present a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) design for facial landmark coordinate regression. We examine the intermediate features of a standard CNN trained for landmark detection and show that features extracted from later, more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-03-23 Yue Wu , Tal Hassner , KangGeon Kim , Gerard Medioni , Prem Natarajan

Although recent gaze estimation methods lay great emphasis on attentively extracting gaze-relevant features from facial or eye images, how to define features that include gaze-relevant components has been ambiguous. This obscurity makes the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Isack Lee , Jun-Seok Yun , Hee Hyeon Kim , Youngju Na , Seok Bong Yoo

Our goal is to design architectures that retain the groundbreaking performance of CNNs for landmark localization and at the same time are lightweight, compact and suitable for applications with limited computational resources. To this end,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-28 Adrian Bulat , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

Gaze estimation methods commonly use facial appearances to predict the direction of a person gaze. However, previous studies show three major challenges with convolutional neural network (CNN)-based, transformer-based, and contrastive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Xinyuan Zhao , Yihang Wu , Ahmad Chaddad , Sarah A. Alkhodair , Reem Kateb

Measuring the generalization performance of a Deep Neural Network (DNN) without relying on a validation set is a difficult task. In this work, we propose exploiting Latent Geometry Graphs (LGGs) to represent the latent spaces of trained DNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-26 Carlos Lassance , Louis Béthune , Myriam Bontonou , Mounia Hamidouche , Vincent Gripon

Appearance-based gaze estimation has achieved significant improvement by using deep learning. However, many deep learning-based methods suffer from the vulnerability property, i.e., perturbing the raw image using noise confuses the gaze…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Mingjie Xu , Haofei Wang , Yunfei Liu , Feng Lu

In this paper, we address the problem of landmark-based visual place recognition. In the state-of-the-art method, accurate object proposal algorithms are first leveraged for generating a set of local regions containing particular landmarks…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-08-24 Bo Yang , Jun Li , Xiaosu Xu , Hong Zhang

We propose a novel facial Anchors and Contours Estimation framework, ACE-Net, for fine-level face alignment tasks. ACE-Net predicts facial anchors and contours that are richer than traditional facial landmarks while overcoming ambiguities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Jihua Huang , Amir Tamrakar
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