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The aim of these notes is to elucidate some aspects of quantum field theory in curved spacetime, especially those relating to the notion of particles. A selection of issues relevant to wave-particle duality is given. The case of a generic…

General Physics · Physics 2008-03-13 Vladimir Mashkevich

A major unsolved problem in theoretical physics is to reconcile the classical theory of general relativity with quantum mechanics. These lectures will deal with an attempt to describe quantum gravity as a path integral over geometries known…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-20 Jan Ambjorn , Jerzy Jurkiewicz , Renate Loll

A fundamental problem with attempting to quantize general relativity is its perturbative non-renormalizability. However, this fact does not rule out the possibility that non-perturbative effects can be computed, at least in some…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 Viqar Husain , Sebastian Jaimungal

`How do our ideas about quantum mechanics affect our understanding of spacetime?' This familiar question leads to quantum gravity. The complementary question is also important: `How do our ideas about spacetime affect our understanding of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 James B. Hartle

Treating the gravitational force on the same footing as the electroweak and strong forces, we present a quantum field theory of gravity based on spin and scaling gauge symmetries. A biframe spacetime is initiated to describe such a quantum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-01-20 Yue-Liang Wu

This study introduces the quantum force wave equation (QFWE) as a general theory of quantum forces, a novel framework that redefines quantum forces as emergent phenomena arising from the interaction between quantum particles and curved…

General Physics · Physics 2025-07-11 Raheem Adom

Quantum gravity has become a fertile interface between gravitational physics and quantum many-body physics, with its double goal of identifying the microscopic constituents of the universe and their fundamental dynamics, and of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-10-10 Daniele Oriti

Relativistic quantum field theory (QFT) is commonly formulated in terms of operators, asymptotic states, and covariant amplitudes, a perspective that tends to obscure the real-time origin of field dynamics and correlations. Here we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-05 Yong Zhang

We explain that a bulk with arbitrary dimensions can be added to the space over which a quantum field theory is defined. This gives a TQFT such that its correlation functions in a slice are the same as those of the original quantum field…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 Laurent Baulieu

We argue that quantum gravity is nonlocal, first by recalling well-known arguments that support this idea and then by focusing on a point not usually emphasized: that making a conventional effective field theory (EFT) for quantum gravity is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-01-26 Nicolás Valdés-Meller

General relativity describes the gravitational field geometrically and in a self-interacting way because it couples to all forms of energy, including its own. Both features make finding a quantum theory difficult, yet it is important in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-02 Martin Bojowald

General relativity is a background-independent theory of a dynamical classical spacetime geometry. Quantum theory is formulated in a classical spacetime, as an intrinsically probabilistic, contextual theory of non-classical, interfering…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-22 Tristan Hübsch , Djordje Minic

We introduce a new kind of foliated quantum field theory (FQFT) of gapped fracton orders in the continuum. FQFT is defined on a manifold with a layered structure given by one or more foliations, which each decompose spacetime into a stack…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-03-16 Kevin Slagle

We give a very brief introduction to the group field theory approach to quantum gravity, a generalisation of matrix models for 2-dimensional quantum gravity to higher dimension, that has emerged recently from research in spin foam models.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Daniele Oriti

Before we ask what the quantum gravity theory is, it is a legitimate quest to formulate a robust quantum field theory in curved spacetime (QFTCS). Several conceptual problems, especially unitarity loss (pure states evolving into mixed…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-12-31 K. Sravan Kumar , João Marto

These lectures deal with selected aspects of quantum field theory in curved spacetime including the following topics: (1) Quantization of fields on a curved background, particle creation by gravitational fields, particle creation in an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 L. H. Ford

Quantum field theory reconciles quantum mechanics and special relativity, and plays a central role in many areas of physics. We develop a quantum algorithm to compute relativistic scattering probabilities in a massive quantum field theory…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 Stephen P. Jordan , Keith S. M. Lee , John Preskill

A new approach is demonstrated that QFTs can be UV finite if they are viewed as the low energy effective theories of a fundamental underlying theory (that is complete and well-defined in all respects) according to the nowaday's standard…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-02-03 Jifeng Yang

Observed physical phenomena can be described well by quantum mechanics or general relativity. People may try to find an unified fundamental theory which mainly aims to merge gravity with quantum theory. However, difficulty in merging those…

General Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Chang-Yu Zhu , Heng Fan

We give a very concise review of the group field theory formalism for non-perturbative quantum gravity, a higher dimensional generalisation of matrix models. We motivate it as a simplicial and local realisation of the idea of 3rd…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-03-27 Daniele Oriti