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Recent Computer-Using Agents (CUAs), powered by multimodal large language models (LLMs), offer a promising direction for automating complex desktop workflows through natural language. However, most existing CUAs remain conceptual…

Evaluating Computer Use Agents (CUAs) on interactive environments is fraught with methodological pitfalls that the field has yet to systematically address. We show that a 1MB replay script that blindly executes a recorded action sequence…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Pierluca D'Oro , Sneha Silwal , William Wong , Yuxuan Sun , Fanyi Xiao , Manchen Wang , Eric Gan , Allen Bolourchi , Joseph Tighe

Computer-Aided Design (CAD) is a time-consuming and complex process, requiring precise, long-horizon user interactions with intricate 3D interfaces. While recent advances in AI-driven user interface (UI) agents show promise, most existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Brandon Man , Ghadi Nehme , Md Ferdous Alam , Faez Ahmed

Computer-use agents (CUAs) hold promise for automating everyday digital tasks, but their performance on long-horizon, complex problems remains unreliable. Single-rollout execution is brittle, with small errors compounding over time and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Gonzalo Gonzalez-Pumariega , Vincent Tu , Chih-Lun Lee , Jiachen Yang , Ang Li , Xin Eric Wang

Computer-Use Agents (CUA) are becoming increasingly capable of autonomously operating digital environments through Graphical User Interfaces (GUI). Yet, most GUI remain designed primarily for humans--prioritizing aesthetics and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Kevin Qinghong Lin , Siyuan Hu , Linjie Li , Zhengyuan Yang , Lijuan Wang , Philip Torr , Mike Zheng Shou

Real-world software engineering tasks require coding agents that can operate on massive repositories, sustain long-horizon sessions, and reliably coordinate complex toolchains at test time. Existing research-grade coding agents offer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Sherman Wong , Zhenting Qi , Zhaodong Wang , Nathan Hu , Samuel Lin , Jun Ge , Erwin Gao , Wenlin Chen , Yilun Du , Minlan Yu , Ying Zhang

Computer-use agent (CUA) frameworks, powered by large language models (LLMs) or multimodal LLMs (MLLMs), are rapidly maturing as assistants that can perceive context, reason, and act directly within software environments. Among their most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Weidi Luo , Qiming Zhang , Tianyu Lu , Xiaogeng Liu , Bin Hu , Hung-Chun Chiu , Siyuan Ma , Yizhe Zhang , Xusheng Xiao , Yinzhi Cao , Zhen Xiang , Chaowei Xiao

Computer-use agents operate over long horizons under noisy perception, multi-window contexts, evolving environment states. Existing approaches, from RL-based planners to trajectory retrieval, often drift from user intent and repeatedly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Seoyoung Lee , Seobin Yoon , Seongbeen Lee , Yoojung Chun , Dayoung Park , Doyeon Kim , Joo Yong Sim

Long-horizon, repetitive workflows are common in professional settings, such as processing expense reports from receipts and entering student grades from exam papers. These tasks are often tedious for humans since they can extend to extreme…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jing Wu , Daphne Barretto , Yiye Chen , Nicholas Gydé , Yanan Jian , Yuhang He , Vibhav Vineet

Building Graphical User Interface (GUI) assistants holds significant promise for enhancing human workflow productivity. While most agents are language-based, relying on closed-source API with text-rich meta-information (e.g., HTML or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Kevin Qinghong Lin , Linjie Li , Difei Gao , Zhengyuan Yang , Shiwei Wu , Zechen Bai , Weixian Lei , Lijuan Wang , Mike Zheng Shou

Computer use agents (CUAs) have shown strong potential for automating complex digital workflows, yet their training remains constrained by costly live environment interaction and limited high-quality supervision. Existing filtered behavior…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yifei He , Rui Yang , Hao Bai , Tong Zhang , Han Zhao

Despite significant progress in the development of human action detection datasets and algorithms, no current dataset is representative of real-world aerial view scenarios. We present Okutama-Action, a new video dataset for aerial view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-16 Mohammadamin Barekatain , Miquel Martí , Hsueh-Fu Shih , Samuel Murray , Kotaro Nakayama , Yutaka Matsuo , Helmut Prendinger

The development of native computer-use agents (CUA) represents a significant leap in multimodal AI. However, their potential is currently bottlenecked by the constraints of static data scaling. Existing paradigms relying primarily on…

Computer-use agents provide a promising path toward general software automation because they can interact directly with arbitrary graphical user interfaces instead of relying on brittle, application-specific integrations. Despite recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jinbiao Wei , Kangqi Ni , Yilun Zhao , Guo Gan , Arman Cohan

Recent developments in modeling language and vision have been successfully applied to image question answering. It is both crucial and natural to extend this research direction to the video domain for video question answering (VideoQA).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Zhou Yu , Dejing Xu , Jun Yu , Ting Yu , Zhou Zhao , Yueting Zhuang , Dacheng Tao

The limitation of graphical user interface (GUI) data has been a significant barrier to the development of GUI agents today, especially for the desktop / computer use scenarios. To address this, we propose an automated GUI data generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Yibin Xu , Liang Yang , Hao Chen , Hua Wang , Zhi Chen , Yaohua Tang

Computer Use Agents (CUAs) can act through both atomic GUI actions, such as click and type, and high-level tool calls, such as API-based file operations, but this hybrid action space often leaves them uncertain about when to continue with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xuhao Hu , Xi Zhang , Haiyang Xu , Kyle Qiao , Jingyi Yang , Xuanjing Huang , Jing Shao , Ming Yan , Jieping Ye

Computer-use agents(CUAs)are moving frombounded benchmarks toward real software environments, wherethey operate browsers, desktops, mobile applications, flesystems,terminals, and tool backends. In such settings, reliability isno longer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Zejian Chen , Zhanyuan Liu , Chaozhuo Li , Mengxiang Han , Songyang Liu , Litian Zhang , Feng Gao , Yiming Hei , Xi Zhang

Generative AI is being leveraged to solve a variety of computer-use tasks involving desktop applications. State-of-the-art systems have focused solely on improving accuracy on leading benchmarks. However, these systems are practically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Reyna Abhyankar , Qi Qi , Yiying Zhang

We introduce SCUBA, a benchmark designed to evaluate computer-use agents on customer relationship management (CRM) workflows within the Salesforce platform. SCUBA contains 300 task instances derived from real user interviews, spanning three…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yutong Dai , Krithika Ramakrishnan , Jing Gu , Matthew Fernandez , Yanqi Luo , Viraj Prabhu , Zhenyu Hu , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xiong , Zeyuan Chen , Ran Xu