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Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown strong capabilities but remain limited to fixed modality pairs and require costly fine-tuning with large aligned datasets. Building fully omni-capable models that can integrate text,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Huawei Lin , Yunzhi Shi , Tong Geng , Weijie Zhao , Wei Wang , Ravender Pal Singh

Despite the impressive performance of autoregressive Language Models (LM) it has been shown that due to reporting bias, LMs lack visual knowledge, i.e. they do not know much about the visual world and its properties. To augment LMs with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Paula Ontalvilla , Aitor Ormazabal , Gorka Azkune

Visual Language Models (VLMs) are essential for various tasks, particularly visual reasoning tasks, due to their robust multi-modal information integration, visual reasoning capabilities, and contextual awareness. However, existing \VLMs{}'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Zaiqiao Meng , Hao Zhou , Yifang Chen

Recent advancements in multimodal techniques open exciting possibilities for models excelling in diverse tasks involving text, audio, and image processing. Models like GPT-4V, blending computer vision and language modeling, excel in complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Xiang Zhang , Senyu Li , Zijun Wu , Ning Shi

Vision-language models (VLMs) excel at image-text retrieval yet persistently fail at compositional reasoning, distinguishing captions that share the same words but differ in relational structure. We present, a unified evaluation and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Amartya Bhattacharya

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) is a fundamental challenge in computer vision, particularly due to the open-set nature of anomalies. While recent training-free approaches utilizing Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown promise, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Lokman Bekit , Hamza Karim , Nghia T Nguyen , Yasin Yilmaz

There is a gap in the understanding of occluded objects in existing large-scale visual language multi-modal models. Current state-of-the-art multi-modal models fail to provide satisfactory results in describing occluded objects through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Shuxin Yang , Xinhan Di

Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) is a task that an agent is required to follow a language instruction to navigate to the goal position, which relies on the ongoing interactions with the environment during moving. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Chuang Lin , Yi Jiang , Jianfei Cai , Lizhen Qu , Gholamreza Haffari , Zehuan Yuan

Traditional augmented reality (AR) systems predominantly rely on fixed class detectors or fiducial markers, limiting their ability to interpret complex, open-vocabulary natural language queries. We present a modular AR agent system that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Lixing Guo , Tobias Höllerer

Reasoning about spatial relationships between objects is essential for many real-world robotic tasks, such as fetch-and-delivery, object rearrangement, and object search. The ability to detect and disambiguate different objects and identify…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Negar Nejatishahidin , Madhukar Reddy Vongala , Jana Kosecka

Vision language models (VLMs) have experienced rapid advancements through the integration of large language models (LLMs) with image-text pairs, yet they struggle with detailed regional visual understanding due to limited spatial awareness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Qiushan Guo , Shalini De Mello , Hongxu Yin , Wonmin Byeon , Ka Chun Cheung , Yizhou Yu , Ping Luo , Sifei Liu

Vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved impressive performance across a wide range of multimodal tasks. However, they often fail on tasks that require fine-grained visual perception, even when the required information is still present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Haz Sameen Shahgir , Xiaofu Chen , Yu Fu , Erfan Shayegani , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh , Yova Kementchedjhieva , Yue Dong

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs), such as GPT-4o, Gemini, LLaVA, and Flamingo, have made significant progress in integrating visual and textual modalities, excelling in tasks like visual question answering (VQA), image captioning,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Junxiao Xue , Quan Deng , Fei Yu , Yanhao Wang , Jun Wang , Yuehua Li

In the field of multi-modal language models, the majority of methods are built on an architecture similar to LLaVA. These models use a single-layer ViT feature as a visual prompt, directly feeding it into the language models alongside…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Kaibing Chen , Dong Shen , Hanwen Zhong , Huasong Zhong , Kui Xia , Di Xu , Wei Yuan , Yifei Hu , Bin Wen , Tianke Zhang , Changyi Liu , Dewen Fan , Huihui Xiao , Jiahong Wu , Fan Yang , Size Li , Di Zhang

Accurate visual understanding is imperative for advancing autonomous systems and intelligent robots. Despite the powerful capabilities of vision-language models (VLMs) in processing complex visual scenes, precisely recognizing obscured or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Huaxiang Zhang , Yaojia Mu , Guo-Niu Zhu , Zhongxue Gan

Despite recent advances in multimodal content generation enabled by vision-language models (VLMs), their ability to reason about and generate structured 3D scenes remains largely underexplored. This limitation constrains their utility in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Xinhang Liu , Yu-Wing Tai , Chi-Keung Tang

Large-scale contrastive pre-training produces powerful Vision-and-Language Models (VLMs) capable of generating representations (embeddings) effective for a wide variety of visual and multimodal tasks. However, these pretrained embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Nikolaos-Antonios Ypsilantis , Kaifeng Chen , André Araujo , Ondřej Chum

Vision-language models (VLMs) excel in visual understanding but often lack reliable grounding capabilities and actionable inference rates. Integrating them with open-vocabulary object detection (OVD), instance segmentation, and tracking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Bastian Pätzold , Jan Nogga , Sven Behnke

We introduce a novel self-improving framework that enhances Embodied Visual Tracking (EVT) with Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to address the limitations of current active visual tracking systems in recovering from tracking failure. Our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Kui Wu , Shuhang Xu , Hao Chen , Churan Wang , Zhoujun Li , Yizhou Wang , Fangwei Zhong

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown powerful capabilities in visual question answering and reasoning tasks by combining visual representations with the abstract skill set large language models (LLMs) learn during pretraining. Vision,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Riley Tavassoli , Mani Amani , Reza Akhavian
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