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While existing benchmarks probe the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) across diverse domains, they predominantly assess passive reasoning, providing models with all the information needed to reach a solution. By contrast,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Zhanke Zhou , Xiao Feng , Zhaocheng Zhu , Jiangchao Yao , Sanmi Koyejo , Bo Han

Multi-speaker automatic speech recognition (MS-ASR) faces significant challenges in transcribing overlapped speech, a task critical for applications like meeting transcription and conversational analysis. While serialized output training…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-09 Yuke Lin , Ming Cheng , Ze Li , Beilong Tang , Ming Li

End-to-end speech large language models ((LLMs)) extend the capabilities of text-based models to directly process and generate audio tokens. However, this often leads to a decline in reasoning and generation performance compared to text…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yuanbo Fang , Haoze Sun , Jun Liu , Tao Zhang , Zenan Zhou , Weipeng Chen , Xiaofen Xing , Xiangmin Xu

Recent advancements in spoken dialogue models, exemplified by systems like GPT-4o, have captured significant attention in the speech domain. Compared to traditional three-tier cascaded spoken dialogue models that comprise speech recognition…

Speculative Decoding (SD) has emerged as a critical technique for accelerating Large Language Model (LLM) inference. Unlike deterministic system optimizations, SD performance is inherently data-dependent, meaning that diverse and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Talor Abramovich , Maor Ashkenazi , Izzy Putterman , Benjamin Chislett , Tiyasa Mitra , Bita Darvish Rouhani , Ran Zilberstein , Yonatan Geifman

Recent advances in spoken dialogue language models (SDLMs) reflect growing interest in shifting from turn-based to full-duplex systems, where the models continuously perceive user speech streams while generating responses. This simultaneous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Donghang Wu , Haoyang Zhang , Chen Chen , Tianyu Zhang , Fei Tian , Xuerui Yang , Gang Yu , Hexin Liu , Nana Hou , Yuchen Hu , Eng Siong Chng

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in zero-shot dialogue state tracking (DST), reducing the need for task-specific training. However, conventional DST benchmarks primarily focus on structured user-agent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Sangmin Song , Juhwan Choi , JungMin Yun , YoungBin Kim

Adaptive chatbots that mimic a user's linguistic style can build rapport and engagement, yet unconstrained mimicry risks an agent that feels unstable or sycophantic. We present a computational evaluation framework that makes the core design…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-02 T. James Brandt

Overlapping Speech Detection (OSD) aims to identify regions where multiple speakers overlap in a conversation, a critical challenge in multi-party speech processing. This work proposes a speaker-aware progressive OSD model that leverages a…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Zhaokai Sun , Li Zhang , Qing Wang , Pan Zhou , Lei Xie

Spoken language understanding (SLU) system usually consists of various pipeline components, where each component heavily relies on the results of its upstream ones. For example, Intent detection (ID), and slot filling (SF) require its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Di Wu , Yiren Chen , Liang Ding , Dacheng Tao

Mental manipulation, the strategic use of language to covertly influence or exploit others, is a newly emerging task in computational social reasoning. Prior work has focused exclusively on textual conversations, overlooking how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Run Chen , Wen Liang , Ziwei Gong , Lin Ai , Julia Hirschberg

Existing speech recognition systems are typically built at the sentence level, although it is known that dialog context, e.g. higher-level knowledge that spans across sentences or speakers, can help the processing of long conversations. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-08 Suyoun Kim , Florian Metze

The development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has catalyzed automation in customer service, yet benchmarking their performance remains challenging. Existing benchmarks predominantly rely on static paradigms and single-dimensional metrics,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Ling Shi , Yuqin Dai , Ziyin Wang , Ning Gao , Wei Zhang , Chaozheng Wang , Yujie Wang , Wei He , Jinpeng Wang , Deiyi Xiong

Perceptually-inspired objective functions such as the perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ), signal-to-distortion ratio (SDR), and short-time objective intelligibility (STOI), have recently been used to optimize performance of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-27 Khandokar Md. Nayem , Donald S. Williamson

Decoding speaker's intent is a crucial part of spoken language understanding (SLU). The presence of noise or errors in the text transcriptions, in real life scenarios make the task more challenging. In this paper, we address the spoken…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-24 Prashanth Gurunath Shivakumar , Mu Yang , Panayiotis Georgiou

Despite broad interest in modeling spoken dialogue agents, most approaches are inherently "half-duplex" -- restricted to turn-based interaction with responses requiring explicit prompting by the user or implicit tracking of interruption or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Bandhav Veluri , Benjamin N Peloquin , Bokai Yu , Hongyu Gong , Shyamnath Gollakota

This paper introduces a practical approach for leveraging a real-time deep learning model to alternate between speech enhancement and joint speech enhancement and separation depending on whether the input mixture contains one or two active…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-17 Kashyap Patel , Anton Kovalyov , Issa Panahi

Spoken language understanding, which extracts intents and/or semantic concepts in utterances, is conventionally formulated as a post-processing of automatic speech recognition. It is usually trained with oracle transcripts, but needs to…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Viet-Trung Dang , Tianyu Zhao , Sei Ueno , Hirofumi Inaguma , Tatsuya Kawahara

Speech recognition (ASR) and speaker diarization (SD) models have traditionally been trained separately to produce rich conversation transcripts with speaker labels. Recent advances have shown that joint ASR and SD models can learn to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-06 Huanru Henry Mao , Shuyang Li , Julian McAuley , Garrison Cottrell

Follow-up conversations with virtual assistants (VAs) enable a user to seamlessly interact with a VA without the need to repeatedly invoke it using a keyword (after the first query). Therefore, accurate Device-directed Speech Detection…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-06 Ognjen , Rudovic , Pranay Dighe , Yi Su , Vineet Garg , Sameer Dharur , Xiaochuan Niu , Ahmed H. Abdelaziz , Saurabh Adya , Ahmed Tewfik
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