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This paper introduces Quaternion Approximate Networks (QUAN), a novel deep learning framework that leverages quaternion algebra for rotation equivariant image classification and object detection. Unlike conventional quaternion neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Bryce Grant , Peng Wang

From their inception, quaternions and their division algebra have proven to be advantageous in modelling rotation/orientation in three-dimensional spaces and have seen use from the initial formulation of electromagnetic filed theory through…

As a new color image representation tool, quaternion has achieved excellent results in color image processing problems. In this paper, we propose a novel low-rank quaternion matrix completion algorithm to recover missing data of color…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-09-17 Jifei Miao , Kit Ian Kou

We study matrix forms of quaternionic versions of the Fourier Transform and Convolution operations. Quaternions offer a powerful representation unit, however they are related to difficulties in their use that stem foremost from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Giorgos Sfikas , George Retsinas

This study investigates the theoretical and computational aspects of quaternion generalized inverses, focusing on outer inverses and {1,2}-inverses with prescribed range and/or null space constraints. In view of the non-commutative nature…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-04-30 Neha Bhadala , Ratikanta Behera

The numerical optimization of continuous functions is a fundamental task in many scientific and engineering domains, ranging from mechanical design to training of artificial intelligence models. Among the most effective and widely used…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Gerardo Altamirano-Gomez , Álvaro Gallardo , Carlos Ignacio Hernández Castellanos

The computation of generalized inverses of quaternion matrices is a fundamental problem in quaternion linear algebra, with wide-ranging applications in signal processing, image restoration, and multidimensional data analysis. This paper…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Biswarup Karmakar , Neha Bhadala , Ratikanta Behera

Quaternion matrices are employed successfully in many color image processing applications. In particular, a pure quaternion matrix can be used to represent red, green and blue channels of color images. A low-rank approximation for a pure…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Guangjing Song , Weiyang Ding , Michael K. Ng

A novel framework for a unifying treatment of quaternion valued adaptive filtering algorithms is introduced. This is achieved based on a rigorous account of quaternion differentiability, the proposed I-gradient, and the use of augmented…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2013-10-22 Cyrus Jahanchahi , Danilo P. Mandic

Lattices are a popular field of study in mathematical research, but also in more practical areas like cryptology or multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) transmission. In mathematical theory, most often lattices over real numbers are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Sebastian Stern , Cong Ling , Robert F. H. Fischer

This work provides a quaternioinc reprsentation for real symplectic matrices in dimension four, analogous to the pair of unit quaternions representation for special orthogonal matrices. In the process of finding formulae for this…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-01-30 Yassmin Ansari , Viswanath Ramakrishna

Recovering hidden structures from incomplete or noisy data remains a pervasive challenge across many fields, particularly where multi-dimensional data representation is essential. Quaternion matrices, with their ability to naturally model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Yu Guo , Guoqing Chen , Tieyong Zeng , Qiyu Jin , Michael Kwok-Po Ng

The quaternion biconjugate gradient (QBiCG) method, as a novel variant of quaternion Lanczos-type methods for solving the non-Hermitian quaternion linear systems, does not yield a minimization property. This means that the method possesses…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-07 Tao Li , Qing-Wen Wang , Xin-Fang Zhang

Recent works have demonstrated reasonable success of representation learning in hypercomplex space. Specifically, "fully-connected layers with Quaternions" (4D hypercomplex numbers), which replace real-valued matrix multiplications in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Aston Zhang , Yi Tay , Shuai Zhang , Alvin Chan , Anh Tuan Luu , Siu Cheung Hui , Jie Fu

We present PetIGA, a code framework to approximate the solution of partial differential equations using isogeometric analysis. PetIGA can be used to assemble matrices and vectors which come from a Galerkin weak form, discretized with…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2015-07-29 Lisandro Dalcin , Nathan Collier , Philippe Vignal , Adriano M. A. Cortes , V. M. Calo

Recently, randomized algorithms for low-rank approximation of quaternion matrices have received increasing attention. However, for large-scale problems, existing quaternion orthonormalizations are inefficient, leading to slow rangefinders.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-06-19 Chao Chang , Yuning Yang

Moving target detection is a challenging computer vision task aimed at generating accurate segmentation maps in diverse in-the-wild color videos captured by static cameras. If backgrounds and targets can be simultaneously extracted and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Liyang Wang , Shiqian Wu , Shun Fang , Qile Zhu , Jiaxin Wu , Sos Again

Processing of medical images such as MRI or CT presents unique challenges compared to RGB images typically used in computer vision. These include a lack of labels for large datasets, high computational costs, and metadata to describe the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-06 Fernando Pérez-García , Rachel Sparks , Sébastien Ourselin

Quaternion-valued signals along with quaternion Fourier transforms (QFT)provide an effective framework for vector-valued signal and image processing. However, the sampling theory of quaternion valued signals has not been well developed. In…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2019-03-04 Dong Cheng , Kit Ian Kou

TorchOptics is an open-source Python library for differentiable Fourier optics simulations, developed using PyTorch to enable GPU-accelerated tensor computations and automatic differentiation. It provides a comprehensive framework for…

Optics · Physics 2024-11-28 Matthew J. Filipovich , A. I. Lvovsky