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Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically fine-tuned for reasoning tasks through a two-stage pipeline of Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) followed by Reinforcement Learning (RL), a process fraught with catastrophic forgetting and suboptimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Lixuan He , Jie Feng , Yong Li

We propose a novel approach to self-supervised learning of point cloud representations by differentiable neural rendering. Motivated by the fact that informative point cloud features should be able to encode rich geometry and appearance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Di Huang , Sida Peng , Tong He , Honghui Yang , Xiaowei Zhou , Wanli Ouyang

Large reasoning models (LRMs) are commonly trained with reinforcement learning (RL) to explore long chain-of-thought reasoning, achieving strong performance at high computational cost. Recent methods add multi-reward objectives to jointly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Anhao Zhao , Ziyang Chen , Junlong Tong , Yingqi Fan , Fanghua Ye , Shuhao Li , Yunpu Ma , Wenjie Li , Xiaoyu Shen

Explorations in fine-tuning Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) from Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT), have made impressive progress. However, most approaches rely on explicit weight updates, overlooking…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Mingyuan Zhang , Yue Bai , Yifan Wang , Yiyang Huang , Yun Fu

Current Large Language Models (LLMs) often undergo supervised fine-tuning (SFT) to acquire tool use capabilities. However, SFT struggles to generalize to unfamiliar or complex tool use scenarios. Recent advancements in reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Cheng Qian , Emre Can Acikgoz , Qi He , Hongru Wang , Xiusi Chen , Dilek Hakkani-Tür , Gokhan Tur , Heng Ji

With the rapid advancement of technology, 3D data acquisition and utilization have become increasingly prevalent across various fields, including computer vision, robotics, and geospatial analysis. 3D data, captured through methods such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Siming Yan

Although extensive research has been conducted on 3D point cloud segmentation, effectively adapting generic models to novel categories remains a formidable challenge. This paper proposes a novel approach to improve point cloud few-shot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Zhenhua Ning , Zhuotao Tian , Guangming Lu , Wenjie Pei

Post-training methods, especially Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Learning (RL), play an important role in improving large language models' (LLMs) complex reasoning abilities. However, the dominant two-stage pipeline (SFT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Mingyu Su , Jian Guan , Yuxian Gu , Minlie Huang , Hongning Wang

Few-shot, fine-grained classification in computer vision poses significant challenges due to the need to differentiate subtle class distinctions with limited data. This paper presents a novel method that enhances the Contrastive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Eric Brouwer , Jan Erik van Woerden , Gertjan Burghouts , Matias Valdenegro-Toro , Marco Zullich

Point clouds, as a primary representation of 3D data, can be categorized into scene domain point clouds and object domain point clouds. Point cloud self-supervised learning (SSL) has become a mainstream paradigm for learning 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yaohua Zha , Tao Dai , Hang Guo , Yanzi Wang , Bin Chen , Ke Chen , Shu-Tao Xia

Reinforcement fine-tuning (RFT) has shown promise for training LLM agents to perform multi-turn decision-making based on environment feedback. However, most existing evaluations remain largely in-domain: training and testing are conducted…

A promising direction for pre-training 3D point clouds is to leverage the massive amount of data in 2D, whereas the domain gap between 2D and 3D creates a fundamental challenge. This paper proposes a novel approach to point-cloud…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Siming Yan , Chen Song , Youkang Kong , Qixing Huang

Improving the reasoning capabilities of embodied agents is crucial for robots to complete complex human instructions in long-view manipulation tasks successfully. Despite the success of large language models and vision language models based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Jinrui Liu , Bingyan Nie , Boyu Li , Yaran Chen , Yuze Wang , Shunsen He , Haoran Li

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful machine learning technique that enables an intelligent agent to learn an optimal policy that maximizes the cumulative rewards in sequential decision making. Most of methods in the existing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-06 Chengchun Shi , Zhengling Qi , Jianing Wang , Fan Zhou

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) of foundation models often leads to poor generalization, where prior capabilities deteriorate after tuning on new tasks or domains. Inspired by trust-region policy optimization (TRPO) and proximal policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Wenhong Zhu , Ruobing Xie , Rui Wang , Xingwu Sun , Di Wang , Pengfei Liu

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show promise in video understanding. However, their reasoning often suffers from thinking drift and weak temporal comprehension, even when enhanced by Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Peiyao Wang , Haotian Xu , Noranart Vesdapunt , Rui Hou , Jingyi Zhang , Haibin Ling , Oleksandr Obiednikov , Ning Zhou , Kah Kuen Fu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are changing the coding paradigm, known as vibe coding, yet synthesizing algorithmically sophisticated and robust code still remains a critical challenge. Incentivizing the deep reasoning capabilities of LLMs is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Chansung Park , Juyong Jiang , Fan Wang , Sayak Paul , Jiasi Shen , Jing Tang , Jianguo Li

Post-training algorithms such as Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Fine-Tuning (RFT) are widely used to adapt (multimodal) large language models to downstream tasks. While effective at task adaptation, their impact on retaining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Zhihao Zhang , Qiaole Dong , Qi Zhang , Jun Zhao , Enyu Zhou , Zhiheng Xi , Senjie Jin , Xiaoran Fan , Yuhao Zhou , Mingqi Wu , Yanwei Fu , Tao Ji , Tao Gui , Xuanjing Huang , Kai Chen

Reinforcement Learning is a mature technology, often suggested as a potential route towards Artificial General Intelligence, with the ambitious goal of replicating the wide range of abilities found in natural and artificial intelligence,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Markus D. Solbach , John K. Tsotsos

The manual annotation for large-scale point clouds costs a lot of time and is usually unavailable in harsh real-world scenarios. Inspired by the great success of the pre-training and fine-tuning paradigm in both vision and language tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Chao Sun , Zhedong Zheng , Xiaohan Wang , Mingliang Xu , Yi Yang