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In this paper, we propose a method called Convolutional Neural Network-Markov Random Field (CNN-MRF) to estimate the crowd count in a still image. We first divide the dense crowd visible image into overlapping patches and then use a deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-18 Kang Han , Wanggen Wan , Haiyan Yao , Li Hou

Novel-view synthesis techniques achieve impressive results for static scenes but struggle when faced with the inconsistencies inherent to casual capture settings: varying illumination, scene motion, and other unintended effects that are…

In this paper, we aim at tackling the problem of crowd counting in extremely high-density scenes, which contain hundreds, or even thousands of people. We begin by a comprehensive analysis of the most widely used density map-based methods,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-23 Hanhui Li , Xiangjian He , Hefeng Wu , Saeed Amirgholipour Kasmani , Ruomei Wang , Xiaonan Luo , Liang Lin

Navigation in dense crowds is a well-known open problem in robotics with many challenges in mapping, localization, and planning. Traditional solutions consider dense pedestrians as passive/active moving obstacles that are the cause of all…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Tingxiang Fan , Dawei Wang , Wenxi Liu , Jia Pan

Crowd density estimation is an important task for crowd monitoring. Many efforts have been done to automate the process of estimating crowd density from images and videos. Despite series of efforts, it remains a challenging task. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Adwan Alownie Alanazi , Muhammad Bilal

Deep learning-based methods for video pedestrian detection and tracking require large volumes of training data to achieve good performance. However, data acquisition in crowded public environments raises data privacy concerns -- we are not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Matteo Fabbri , Guillem Braso , Gianluca Maugeri , Orcun Cetintas , Riccardo Gasparini , Aljosa Osep , Simone Calderara , Laura Leal-Taixe , Rita Cucchiara

Recently, crowd density estimation has received increasing attention. The main challenge for this task is to achieve high-quality manual annotations on a large amount of training data. To avoid reliance on such annotations, previous works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-13 Shenjian Gong , Shanshan Zhang , Jian Yang , Dengxin Dai , Bernt Schiele

Novel view synthesis from images, for example, with 3D Gaussian splatting, has made great progress. Rendering fidelity and speed are now ready even for demanding virtual reality applications. However, the problem of assisting humans in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ayaka Yasunaga , Hideo Saito , Dieter Schmalstieg , Shohei Mori

As the number of individuals in a crowd grows, enumeration-based techniques become increasingly infeasible and their estimates increasingly unreliable. We propose instead an estimation-based version of the problem: we label Rough Crowd…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Shengqin Jiang , Linfei Li , Haokui Zhang , Qingshan Liu , Amin Beheshti , Jian Yang , Anton van den Hengel , Quan Z. Sheng , Yuankai Qi

We propose scaling up 3D scene reconstruction by training with synthesized data. At the core of our work is MegaSynth, a procedurally generated 3D dataset comprising 700K scenes - over 50 times larger than the prior real dataset DL3DV -…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Hanwen Jiang , Zexiang Xu , Desai Xie , Ziwen Chen , Haian Jin , Fujun Luan , Zhixin Shu , Kai Zhang , Sai Bi , Xin Sun , Jiuxiang Gu , Qixing Huang , Georgios Pavlakos , Hao Tan

Crowd estimation is a very challenging problem. The most recent study tries to exploit auditory information to aid the visual models, however, the performance is limited due to the lack of an effective approach for feature extraction and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Usman Sajid , Xiangyu Chen , Hasan Sajid , Taejoon Kim , Guanghui Wang

Safety and efficiency are paramount in healthcare facilities where the lives of patients are at stake. Despite the adoption of robots to assist medical staff in challenging tasks such as complex surgeries, human expertise is still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Rohit Mohan , José Arce , Sassan Mokhtar , Daniele Cattaneo , Abhinav Valada

Understanding human visual attention and saliency is an integral part of vision research. In this context, there is an ever-present need for fresh and diverse benchmark datasets, particularly for insight into special use cases like crowded…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Memoona Tahira , Sobas Mehboob , Anis U. Rahman , Omar Arif

This paper introduces a novel method for end-to-end crowd detection that leverages object density information to enhance existing transformer-based detectors. We present CrowdQuery (CQ), whose core component is our CQ module that predicts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Marius Dähling , Sebastian Krebs , J. Marius Zöllner

Crowd density level estimation is an essential aspect of crowd safety since it helps to identify areas of probable overcrowding and required conditions. Nowadays, AI systems can help in various sectors. Here for safety purposes or many for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Mahira Arefin , Md. Anwar Hussen Wadud , Anichur Rahman

Crowd counting typically relies on labor-intensive point-level annotations and computationally intensive backbones, restricting its scalability and deployment in resource-constrained environments. To address these challenges, this paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Qiang Guo , Rubo Zhang , Bingbing Zhang , Junjie Liu , Jianqing Liu

Nowadays, massive urban human mobility data are being generated from mobile phones, car navigation systems, and traffic sensors. Predicting the density and flow of the crowd or traffic at a citywide level becomes possible by using the big…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Renhe Jiang , Zekun Cai , Zhaonan Wang , Chuang Yang , Zipei Fan , Xuan Song , Kota Tsubouchi , Ryosuke Shibasaki

We present an integrated framework for simultaneous tracking, group detection and multi-level activity recognition in crowd videos. Instead of solving these problems independently and sequentially, we solve them together in a unified…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-31 Neha Bhargava , Subhasis Chaudhuri

An important aspect of crowd monitoring is knowing how many people we are dealing with. Sometimes, knowing the size of a crowd in a single location and at a specific moment is enough. Matters become problematic when counting the same people…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Fatemeh Marzani , Thijs van Ede , Geert Heijenk , Maarten van Steen

Crowd counting is one of the core tasks in various surveillance applications. A practical system involves estimating accurate head counts in dynamic scenarios under different lightning, camera perspective and occlusion states. Previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-27 Li Wang , Weiyuan Shao , Yao Lu , Hao Ye , Jian Pu , Yingbin Zheng