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Related papers: Empirical Characterization of Logging Smells in Ma…

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Building on the computer science concept of code smells, we initiate the study of law smells, i.e., patterns in legal texts that pose threats to the comprehensibility and maintainability of the law. With five intuitive law smells as running…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Corinna Coupette , Dirk Hartung , Janis Beckedorf , Maximilian Böther , Daniel Martin Katz

Context: A substantial amount of work has been done to detect smells in source code using metrics-based and heuristics-based methods. Machine learning methods have been recently applied to detect source code smells; however, the current…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Tushar Sharma , Vasiliki Efstathiou , Panos Louridas , Diomidis Spinellis

Integrated Development Environments shape developers' daily experience, yet the empirical study of their usability and user experience (UX) remains limited. This work presents an LLM-assisted approach to detecting UX smells in Visual Studio…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Andrés Rodriguez , Juan Cruz Gardey , Alejandra Garrido

Issue Tracking Systems (ITSs) enable software developers and managers to collect and resolve issues collaboratively. While researchers have extensively analysed ITS data to automate or assist specific activities such as issue assignments,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Lloyd Montgomery , Clara Lüders , Christian Rahe , Walid Maalej

Much of the existing ML research focuses on model performance metrics, leaving limited attention to the long-term sustainability and resource efficiency of ML applications. While high performance is essential, ensuring efficient resource…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Bashar Abdallah , Martyna E. Wojciechowska , Gustavo Santos , Edmand Yu , Maxime Lamothe , Alain Abran , Mohammad Hamdaqa

Architectural code smells erode software maintainability and are costly to repair manually, yet unlike localized bugs, they require cross-module reasoning about design intent that challenges both developers and automated tools. While large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Ion George Dinu , Marian Cristian Mihăescu , Traian Rebedea

This study explores the intricate relationship between sentiment analysis (SA) and code quality within machine learning (ML) projects, illustrating how the emotional dynamics of developers affect the technical and functional attributes of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Md Shoaib Ahmed , Dongyoung Park , Nasir U. Eisty

Effective software development relies on managing both collaboration and technology, but sociotechnical challenges can harm team dynamics and increase technical debt. Although teams working on ML enabled systems are interdisciplinary,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Giusy Annunziata , Stefano Lambiase , Fabio Palomba , Gemma Catolino , Filomena Ferrucci

Logging plays a crucial role in software engineering because it is key to perform various tasks including debugging, performance analysis, and detection of anomalies. Despite the importance of log data, the practice of logging still suffers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Keyur Patel , Joao Faccin , Abdelwahab Hamou-Lhadj , Ingrid Nunes

While a substantial body of prior research has investigated the form and nature of production code, comparatively little attention has examined characteristics of test code, and, in particular, test smells in that code. In this paper, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Amjed Tahir , Steve Counsell , Stephen G. MacDonell

Log data provides crucial insights for tasks like monitoring, root cause analysis, and anomaly detection. Due to the vast volume of logs, automated log parsing is essential to transform semi-structured log messages into structured…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Viktor Beck , Max Landauer , Markus Wurzenberger , Florian Skopik , Andreas Rauber

The adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in high-stakes domains such as healthcare, wildlife preservation, autonomous driving and criminal justice system calls for a data-centric approach to AI. Data scientists spend the majority of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Arumoy Shome , Luis Cruz , Arie van Deursen

Machine learning (ML) is increasingly applied across industries to automate decision-making, but concerns about ethical and legal compliance remain due to limited transparency, fairness, and accountability. Monitoring through logging a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Patrick Loic Foalem , Leuson Da Silva , Foutse Khomh , Heng Li , Ettore Merlo

Automated logging statement generation supports developers in documenting critical software runtime behavior. Given the great success in natural language generation and programming language comprehension, large language models (LLMs) might…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yichen Li , Yintong Huo , Zhihan Jiang , Renyi Zhong , Pinjia He , Yuxin Su , Lionel Briand , Michael R. Lyu

Code smells are seen as major source of technical debt and, as such, should be detected and removed. However, researchers argue that the subjectiveness of the code smells detection process is a major hindrance to mitigate the problem of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-07 José Pereira dos Reis , Fernando Brito e Abreu , Glauco de Figueiredo Carneiro

Developers write logging statements to generate logs that provide run-time information for various tasks. The readability of log messages in the logging statements (i.e., the descriptive text) is rather crucial to the value of the generated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Zhenhao Li , An Ran Chen , Xing Hu , Xin Xia , Tse-Hsun Chen , Weiyi Shang

Given the inherent non-deterministic nature of machine learning (ML) systems, their behavior in production environments can lead to unforeseen and potentially dangerous outcomes. For a timely detection of unwanted behavior and to prevent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Hira Naveed , John Grundy , Chetan Arora , Hourieh Khalajzadeh , Omar Haggag

Context: Dynamic production environments make it challenging to maintain reliable machine learning (ML) systems. Runtime issues, such as changes in data patterns or operating contexts, that degrade model performance are a common occurrence…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Hira Naveed , Scott Barnett , Chetan Arora , John Grundy , Hourieh Khalajzadeh , Omar Haggag

Code smells represent sub-optimal implementation choices applied by developers when evolving software systems. The negative impact of code smells has been widely investigated in the past: besides developers' productivity and ability to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Gemma Catolino , Fabio Palomba , Francesca Arcelli Fontana , Andrea De Lucia , Andy Zaidman , Filomena Ferrucci

Automated deployment and management of Cloud applications relies on descriptions of their deployment topologies, often referred to as Infrastructure Code. As the complexity of applications and their deployment models increases, developers…