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Car accidents remain a significant public safety issue worldwide, with the majority of them attributed to driver errors stemming from inadequate driving knowledge, non-compliance with regulations, and poor driving habits. To improve road…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Pooyan Khosravinia , Thinagaran Perumal , Javad Zarrin

Vehicle safety assessment is crucial for consumer information and regulatory oversight. The New Car Assessment Program (NCAP) assigns standardized safety ratings, which traditionally emphasize passive safety measures but now include active…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Raunak Kunwar , Aera Kim LeBoulluec

AI-based robots and vehicles are expected to operate safely in complex and dynamic environments, even in the presence of component degradation. In such systems, perception relies on sensors such as cameras to capture environmental data,…

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been widely applied in many autonomous systems such as autonomous driving. Recently, DNN testing has been intensively studied to automatically generate adversarial examples, which inject small-magnitude…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-31 Husheng Zhou , Wei Li , Yuankun Zhu , Yuqun Zhang , Bei Yu , Lingming Zhang , Cong Liu

This study investigates the assisted lane change functionality of five different vehicles equipped with advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). The goal is to examine novel, under-researched features of commercially available ADAS…

Vehicle manufacturers are racing to create autonomous navigation and steering control algorithms for their vehicles. These software are made to handle various real-life scenarios such as obstacle avoidance and lane maneuvering. There is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Shivam Aarya

As autonomous driving systems (ADSes) become increasingly complex and integral to daily life, the importance of understanding the nature and mitigation of software bugs in these systems has grown correspondingly. Addressing the challenges…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Yuntianyi Chen , Yuqi Huai , Yirui He , Shilong Li , Changnam Hong , Qi Alfred Chen , Joshua Garcia

This paper explores Deep Learning (DL) methods that are used or have the potential to be used for traffic video analysis, emphasizing driving safety for both Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) and human-operated vehicles. We present a typical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Abolfazl Razi , Xiwen Chen , Huayu Li , Hao Wang , Brendan Russo , Yan Chen , Hongbin Yu

Intelligent transport systems (ITS) are pivotal in the development of sustainable and green urban living. ITS is data-driven and enabled by the profusion of sensors ranging from pneumatic tubes to smart cameras. This work explores a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Chia-Yen Chiang , Mona Jaber , Peter Hayward

As the horizon of intelligent transportation expands with the evolution of Automated Driving Systems (ADS), ensuring paramount safety becomes more imperative than ever. Traditional risk assessment methodologies, primarily crafted for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-19 Anil Ranjitbhai Patel , Peter Liggesmeyer

Obstacle detection is crucial to the operation of autonomous driving systems, which rely on multiple sensors, such as cameras and LiDARs, combined with code logic and deep learning models to detect obstacles for time-sensitive decisions.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Tri Minh-Triet Pham , Diego Elias Costa , Weiyi Shang , Jinqiu Yang

As machine learning models become increasingly prevalent in critical decision-making models and systems in fields like finance, healthcare, etc., ensuring their robustness against adversarial attacks and changes in the input data is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-05 Arun Prakash R , Anwesha Bhattacharyya , Joel Vaughan , Vijayan N. Nair

Autonomous driving systems (ADSs) must be sufficiently tested to ensure their safety. Though various ADS testing methods have shown promising results, they are limited to a fixed set of vehicle characteristics settings (VCSs). The impact of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Qi Pan , Tiexin Wang , Paolo Arcaini , Tao Yue , Shaukat Ali

This report presents Waymo's proposal for a systematic fatigue risk management framework that addresses prevention, monitoring, and mitigation of fatigue-induced risks during on-road testing of ADS technology. The proposed framework remains…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Francesca Favaro , Keith Hutchings , Philip Nemec , Leticia Cavalcante , Trent Victor

The topic of provable deep neural network robustness has raised considerable interest in recent years. Most research has focused on adversarial robustness, which studies the robustness of perceptive models in the neighbourhood of particular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Julien Girard-Satabin , Guillaume Charpiat , Zakaria Chihani , Marc Schoenauer

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have the potential to significantly revolutionize society by providing a secure and efficient mode of transportation. Recent years have witnessed notable advancements in autonomous driving perception and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Di Chen , Meixin Zhu , Hao Yang , Xuesong Wang , Yinhai Wang

The increasing levels of software- and data-intensive driving automation call for an evolution of automotive software testing. As a recommended practice of the Verification and Validation (V&V) process of ISO/PAS 21448, a candidate standard…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Markus Borg , Raja Ben Abdessalem , Shiva Nejati , Francois-Xavier Jegeden , Donghwan Shin

Recent advancements in perception for autonomous driving are driven by deep learning. In order to achieve robust and accurate scene understanding, autonomous vehicles are usually equipped with different sensors (e.g. cameras, LiDARs,…

The inability of state-of-the-art semantic segmentation methods to detect anomaly instances hinders them from being deployed in safety-critical and complex applications, such as autonomous driving. Recent approaches have focused on either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Giancarlo Di Biase , Hermann Blum , Roland Siegwart , Cesar Cadena

Autonomous driving systems (ADS) are increasingly deployed in real traffic, yet testing remains fundamentally challenging due to open environments, complex scenarios, and the lack of established processes and metrics. Despite extensive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Qunying Song , Ali Nouri , Håkan Sivencrona , Federica Sarro