Related papers: Phase spirals across galactic disks I: Exploring d…
The phase spiral is a perturbation to the vertical phase-space distribution of stars in the Milky Way disk. We study the phase spiral's properties and how they vary with spatial position, in order to constrain its origin and evolution, as…
We study the vertical perturbations in the galactic disc of the Milky Way-size high-resolution hydrodynamical cosmological simulation named GARROTXA. We detect phase spirals in the vertical projection $Z- V_{Z}$ of disc's stellar particles…
Using a single N-body simulation ($N=0.14\times 10^9$) we explore the formation, evolution and spatial variation of the phase-space spirals similar to those recently discovered by Antoja et al. in the Milky Way disk, with Gaia DR2. For the…
The discovery of the phase space spirals in the Solar neighborhood in Gaia Data Release 2 has prompted various attempts to understand their origin. A source of bending waves, which has been neglected as a cause of the phase spiral, is…
In this fourth article on weighing the Galactic disk using the shape of the phase-space spiral, we have tested our method on a billion particle three-dimensional N-body simulation, comprised of a Milky Way like host galaxy and a merging…
The second data release of ESA's $Gaia$ mission revealed numerous signatures of disequilibrium in the Milky Way's disc. These signatures are seen in the planar kinematics of stars, which manifest as ridges and ripples in $R-v_{\phi}$, and…
Signatures of vertical disequilibrium have been observed across the Milky Way's disk. These signatures manifest locally as unmixed phase-spirals in $z$--$v_z$ space ("snails-in-phase") and globally as nonzero mean $z$ and $v_z$ which wraps…
Evidence for wave-like corrugations are well established in the Milky Way and in nearby disc galaxies. These were originally detected as a displacement of the interstellar medium about the midplane, either in terms of vertical distance or…
Galactic disks are highly responsive systems that often undergo external perturbations and subsequent collisionless equilibration, predominantly via phase-mixing. We use linear perturbation theory to study the response of infinite…
Data from the Gaia mission shows prominent phase-space spirals that are the signatures of disequilibrium in the Milky Way (MW) disc. In this work, we present a novel perspective on the phase-space spiral in angular momentum (AM) space.…
Context: With the data releases from the astrometric space mission Gaia, the exploration of the structure of the Milky Way has developed in unprecedented detail and unveiled many previously unknown structures in the Galactic disc and halo.…
We use an N-body simulation to study the 3-D density distribution of spirals, and the resulting stellar vertical velocities. Relative to the disc's rotation, the phase of the spiral's peak density away from the mid-plane trails that at the…
The evolution of the Milky Way disk, which contains most of the stars in the Galaxy, is affected by several phenomena. For example, the bar and the spiral arms of the Milky Way induce radial migration of stars and can trap or scatter stars…
{\it Gaia} Data Release 2 (DR2) revealed that the Milky Way contains significant indications of departures from equilibrium in the form of asymmetric features in the phase space density of stars in the Solar neighborhood. One such feature…
The outer parts of the Milky Way's disc are significantly out of equilibrium. Using only distances and proper motions of stars from Gaia's Early Data Release 3, in the range |b|<10{\deg}, 130{\deg}<l<230{\deg}, we show that for stars in the…
It is now clear that the stars in the Solar neighbourhood display large-scale coherent vertical breathing motions. At the same time, Milky Way-like galaxies experience tidal interactions with satellites/companions during their evolution.…
Recent studies have shown that the passage of a massive satellite through the disk of a spiral galaxy can induce vertical wobbles in the disk and produce features such as in-plane rings and phase-space spirals. Here we analyze a…
The structure of spiral galaxies is essential to understanding the dynamics and evolution of disk galaxies; however, the precise nature of spiral arms remains uncertain. Two challenges in understanding the mechanisms driving spirals are how…
We use $N$-body simulations to investigate the excitation of bending waves in a Milky Way-like disc-bulge-halo system. The dark matter halo consists of a smooth component and a population of subhaloes while the disc is composed of thin and…
Spirals in galaxies have long been thought to be caused by gravitational instability in the stellar component of the disk, but discerning the precise mechanism had proved elusive. Tidal interactions, and perhaps bars, may provoke some…