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Matrix-level low-rank compression is a promising way to reduce the cost of large language models, but running compression and evaluating the resulting models on language tasks can be prohibitively expensive. Can compression-induced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Mingxue Xu

With the rapid advancement of large language models , code generation has become a key benchmark for evaluating LLM capabilities. However, existing benchmarks face two major challenges: (1) the escalating cost of constructing high-quality…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Junjie Shi , Wei Ma , Shi Ying , Lingxiao Jiang , Yang liu , Bo Du

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to significant interest in prompt compression, a technique aimed at reducing the length of input prompts while preserving critical information. However, the prominent approaches in prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Barys Liskavets , Shuvendu Roy , Maxim Ushakov , Mark Klibanov , Ali Etemad , Shane Luke

Black-Box prompt optimization methods have emerged as a promising strategy for refining input prompts to better align large language models (LLMs), thereby enhancing their task performance. Although these methods have demonstrated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Ziyu Zhou , Yihang Wu , Jingyuan Yang , Zhan Xiao , Rongjun Li

Advancements in dialogue systems powered by large language models (LLMs) have outpaced the development of reliable evaluation metrics, particularly for diverse and creative responses. We present a benchmark for evaluating the robustness of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Justin Vasselli , Adam Nohejl , Taro Watanabe

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) like GPT-4 has revolutionized natural language processing (NLP), enabling diverse, complex tasks. However, extensive token counts lead to high computational and financial burdens. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Yun-Hao Cao , Yangsong Wang , Shuzheng Hao , Zhenxing Li , Chengjun Zhan , Sichao Liu , Yi-Qi Hu

Soft context compression reduces the computational workload of processing long contexts in LLMs by encoding long context into a smaller number of latent tokens. However, existing frameworks apply uniform compression ratios, failing to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Yijiong Yu , Shuai Yuan , Jie Zheng , Huazheng Wang , Ji Pei

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently achieved remarkable progress by leveraging Reinforcement Learning and extended Chain-of-Thought (CoT) techniques. However, the challenge of performing efficient language reasoning--especially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Zhong-Zhi Li , Xiao Liang , Zihao Tang , Lei Ji , Peijie Wang , Haotian Xu , Xing W , Haizhen Huang , Weiwei Deng , Yeyun Gong , Zhijiang Guo , Xiao Liu , Fei Yin , Cheng-Lin Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in intelligent systems that perform reasoning, summarization, and code generation. Their ability to follow natural-language instructions, while powerful, also makes them vulnerable to a new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Daniyal Ganiuly , Assel Smaiyl

LLM serving systems typically treat user prompts as monolithic inputs, optimizing inference through decoding tricks or inter-query batching. However, many real-world prompts contain latent semantic parallelism--decomposable structures where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Steven Kolawole , Keshav Santhanam , Virginia Smith , Pratiksha Thaker

Automating the Extract Method refactoring (EMR) remains challenging and largely manual despite its importance in improving code readability and maintainability. Recent advances in open-source, resource-efficient Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Sivajeet Chand , Melih Kilic , Roland Würsching , Sushant Kumar Pandey , Alexander Pretschner

Post-training compression reduces the computational and memory costs of large language models (LLMs), enabling resource-efficient deployment. However, existing compression benchmarks only focus on language modeling (e.g., perplexity) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Peijie Dong , Zhenheng Tang , Xiang Liu , Lujun Li , Xiaowen Chu , Bo Li

Due to their architecture and vast pre-training data, large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong text classification performance. However, LLM output - here, the category assigned to a text - depends heavily on the wording of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Kylie L. Anglin , Stephanie Milan , Brittney Hernandez , Claudia Ventura

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) excel in visual understanding and reasoning, but the excessive visual tokens lead to high inference costs. Although recent token reduction methods mitigate this issue, they mainly target single-turn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yi Wang , Haofei Zhang , Qihan Huang , Anda Cao , Gongfan Fang , Wei Wang , Xuan Jin , Jie Song , Mingli Song , Xinchao Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promising performance across various tasks. However, their autoregressive decoding process poses significant challenges for efficient deployment on existing AI hardware. Quantization alleviates memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Guanxi Lu , Hao Mark Chen , Zhiqiang Que , Wayne Luk , Hongxiang Fan

The widespread adoption of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek has significantly changed how people approach tasks in education, professional work, and creative domains. This paper investigates how the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Rizal Khoirul Anam

Citation counts remain the dominant metric for assessing research impact, yet they suffer from well-documented limitations: temporal lag, disciplinary bias, and Matthew effects. Here we propose LLM-Metrics, a research-impact assessment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Si Shen , Wenhua Zhao , Danhao Zhu

Large language model (LLM) systems increasingly power everyday AI applications such as chatbots, computer-use assistants, and autonomous robots, where performance often depends on manually well-crafted prompts. LLM-based prompt optimizers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Andrew Zhao , Reshmi Ghosh , Vitor Carvalho , Emily Lawton , Keegan Hines , Gao Huang , Jack W. Stokes

Most popular benchmarks for comparing LLMs rely on a limited set of prompt templates, which may not fully capture the LLMs' abilities and can affect the reproducibility of results on leaderboards. Many recent works empirically verify prompt…

Recent reasoning large language models (LLMs), such as OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1, exhibit strong performance on complex tasks through test-time inference scaling. However, prior studies have shown that these models often incur significant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Wai Man Si , Mingjie Li , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang
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