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An important yet challenging aspect of atomistic materials modeling is reconciling experimental and computational results. Conventional approaches involve generating numerous configurations through molecular dynamics or Monte Carlo…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-12-23 Tigany Zarrouk , Rina Ibragimova , Albert P. Bartók , Miguel A. Caro

Generative image models can produce convincingly real images, with plausible shapes, textures, layouts and lighting. However, one domain in which they perform notably poorly is in the synthesis of transparent objects, which exhibit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yue Yin , Enze Tao , Dylan Campbell

Auto-regressive frameworks for next-scale prediction of 2D images have demonstrated strong potential for producing diverse and sophisticated content by progressively refining a coarse input. However, extending this paradigm to 3D object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Quanyuan Ruan , Kewei Shi , Jiabao Lei , Xifeng Gao , Xiaoguang Han

We introduce Graph Memory (GM), a structured non-parametric framework that represents an embedding space through a compact graph of reliability-annotated prototype regions. GM encodes local geometry and regional ambiguity through prototype…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Artur A. Oliveira , Mateus Espadoto , Roberto M. Cesar , Roberto Hirata

The atomic-level structure of bulk metallic glasses is a key determinant of their properties. An accurate representation of amorphous systems in computational studies has traditionally required large supercells that are unfortunately…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-01-17 Siya Zhu , Jan Schroers , Stefano Curtarolo , Hagen Eckert , Axel van de Walle

We introduce a Graph Transformer framework that serves as a general inverse physics engine on meshes, demonstrated through the challenging task of reconstructing aerodynamic flow fields from sparse surface measurements. While deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Gregory Duthé , Imad Abdallah , Eleni Chatzi

Disordered (amorphous) materials, such as glasses, are emerging as promising candidates for applications within energy storage, nonlinear optics, and catalysis. Their lack of long-range order and complex short- and medium-range orderings,…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-09-18 Jonas A. Finkler , Yan Lin , Tao Du , Jilin Hu , Morten M. Smedskjaer

A very active area of materials research is to devise methods that use machine learning to automatically extract predictive models from existing materials data. While prior examples have demonstrated successful models for some applications,…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-08-29 Logan Ward , Ankit Agrawal , Alok Choudhary , Christopher Wolverton

Recent work has shown the ability to learn generative models for 3D shapes from only unstructured 2D images. However, training such models requires differentiating through the rasterization step of the rendering process, therefore past work…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Sebastian Lunz , Yingzhen Li , Andrew Fitzgibbon , Nate Kushman

Object-centric learning aims to decompose an input image into a set of meaningful object files (slots). These latent object representations enable a variety of downstream tasks. Yet, object-centric learning struggles on real-world datasets,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Krishnakant Singh , Simone Schaub-Meyer , Stefan Roth

Scientific diagrams convey explicit structural information, yet modern text-to-image models often produce visually plausible but structurally incorrect results. Existing benchmarks either rely on image-centric or subjective metrics…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Tong Zhang , Honglin Lin , Zhou Liu , Chong Chen , Wentao Zhang

The high-resolution visualization of atomic structures is significant for understanding the relationship between the microscopic configurations and macroscopic properties of materials. However, a rapid, accurate, and robust approach to…

Reconstructing objects from posed images is a crucial and complex task in computer graphics and computer vision. While NeRF-based neural reconstruction methods have exhibited impressive reconstruction ability, they tend to be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Shuichang Lai , Letian Huang , Jie Guo , Kai Cheng , Bowen Pan , Xiaoxiao Long , Jiangjing Lyu , Chengfei Lv , Yanwen Guo

We propose a novel approach to model amorphous materials using a first principles density functional method while simultaneously enforcing agreement with selected experimental data. We illustrate our method with applications to amorphous…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-10 Parthapratim Biswas , De Nyago Tafen , Raymond Atta-Fynn , D. A. Drabold

The incorporation of generative models as regularisers within variational formulations for inverse problems has proven effective across numerous image reconstruction tasks. However, the resulting optimisation problem is often non-convex and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Pascal Fernsel , Željko Kereta , Alexander Denker

Reconstructing medical images from partial measurements is an important inverse problem in Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Existing solutions based on machine learning typically train a model to directly map…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-17 Yang Song , Liyue Shen , Lei Xing , Stefano Ermon

Generative models hold the promise of significantly expediting the materials design process when compared to traditional human-guided or rule-based methodologies. However, effectively generating high-quality periodic structures of materials…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-08-15 Anshuman Sinha , Shuyi Jia , Victor Fung

Blind inverse problems in imaging arise from uncertainties in the system used to collect (noisy) measurements of images. Recovering clean images from these measurements typically requires identifying the imaging system, either implicitly or…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-28 Brett Levac , Ajil Jalal , Kannan Ramchandran , Jonathan I. Tamir

We show that the information gained in spectroscopic experiments regarding the number and distribution of atomic environments can be used as a valuable constraint in the refinement of the atomic-scale structures of nanostructured or…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-14 Matthew J Cliffe , Martin T. Dove , D. A. Drabold , Andrew L. Goodwin

We introduce deep neural networks for the analysis of anatomical shapes that learn a low-dimensional shape representation from the given task, instead of relying on hand-engineered representations. Our framework is modular and consists of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Benjamin Gutierrez Becker , Ignacio Sarasua , Christian Wachinger