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Large Language Models (LLMs) and strong vision models have enabled rapid research and development in the field of Vision-Language-Action models that enable robotic control. The main objective of these methods is to develop a generalist…

Robotic manipulation faces a significant challenge in generalizing across unseen objects, environments and tasks specified by diverse language instructions. To improve generalization capabilities, recent research has incorporated large…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Shizhe Chen , Ricardo Garcia , Paul Pacaud , Cordelia Schmid

In complex multi-agent environments, achieving efficient learning and desirable behaviours is a significant challenge for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) systems. This work explores the potential of combining MARL with Large…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Philipp D. Siedler , Ian Gemp

Traditional visual grounding methods primarily focus on single-image scenarios with simple textual references. However, extending these methods to real-world scenarios that involve implicit and complex instructions, particularly in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Sule Bai , Mingxing Li , Yong Liu , Jing Tang , Haoji Zhang , Lei Sun , Xiangxiang Chu , Yansong Tang

Effective planning requires strong world models, but high-level world models that can understand and reason about actions with semantic and temporal abstraction remain largely underdeveloped. We introduce the Vision Language World Model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Delong Chen , Theo Moutakanni , Willy Chung , Yejin Bang , Ziwei Ji , Allen Bolourchi , Pascale Fung

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel in many direct multimodal tasks but struggle to translate this prowess into effective decision-making within interactive, visually rich environments like games. This ``knowing-doing'' gap significantly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Liang Chen , Hongcheng Gao , Tianyu Liu , Zhiqi Huang , Flood Sung , Xinyu Zhou , Yuxin Wu , Baobao Chang

Despite recent advancements in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) on diverse understanding tasks, these models struggle to solve problems which require extensive multi-step reasoning. This is primarily due to the progressive dilution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Byungwoo Jeon , Yoonwoo Jeong , Hyunseok Lee , Minsu Cho , Jinwoo Shin

Referential grounding in outdoor driving scenes is challenging due to large scene variability, many visually similar objects, and dynamic elements that complicate resolving natural-language references (e.g., "the black car on the right").…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Pranav Saxena , Avigyan Bhattacharya , Ji Zhang , Wenshan Wang

Recently, reasoning-based MLLMs have achieved a degree of success in generating long-form textual reasoning chains. However, they still struggle with complex tasks that necessitate dynamic and iterative focusing on and revisiting of visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Chaoya Jiang , Yongrui Heng , Wei Ye , Han Yang , Haiyang Xu , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Shikun Zhang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising framework for enabling generalist robots capable of perceiving, reasoning, and acting in the real world. These models usually build upon pretrained Vision-Language Models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Tao Lin , Gen Li , Yilei Zhong , Yanwen Zou , Yuxin Du , Jiting Liu , Encheng Gu , Bo Zhao

Vision Language Navigation (VLN) typically requires agents to navigate to specified objects or remote regions in unknown scenes by obeying linguistic commands. Such tasks require organizing historical visual observations for linguistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Bolei Chen , Jiaxu Kang , Yifei Wang , Ping Zhong , Qi Wu , Jianxin Wang

Designing reward functions for continuous-control robotics often leads to subtle misalignments or reward hacking, especially in complex tasks. Preference-based RL mitigates some of these pitfalls by learning rewards from comparative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Anukriti Singh , Amisha Bhaskar , Peihong Yu , Souradip Chakraborty , Ruthwik Dasyam , Amrit Bedi , Pratap Tokekar

This paper explores the application of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) as operator agents in the space domain, focusing on both software and hardware operational paradigms. Building on advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) and their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Alejandro Carrasco , Marco Nedungadi , Enrico M. Zucchelli , Amit Jain , Victor Rodriguez-Fernandez , Richard Linares

Despite tremendous recent advances in large model reasoning ability, vision-language models (VLMs) still struggle with detailed visual reasoning, especially when compute resources are limited. To address this challenge, we draw inspiration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Sunil Kumar , Bowen Zhao , Leo Dirac , Paulina Varshavskaya

Bridging the gap between natural language commands and autonomous execution in unstructured environments remains an open challenge for robotics. This requires robots to perceive and reason over the current task scene through multiple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Jin Wang , Kim Tien Ly , Jacques Cloete , Nikos Tsagarakis , Ioannis Havoutis

Vision language models (VLMs) have experienced rapid advancements through the integration of large language models (LLMs) with image-text pairs, yet they struggle with detailed regional visual understanding due to limited spatial awareness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Qiushan Guo , Shalini De Mello , Hongxu Yin , Wonmin Byeon , Ka Chun Cheung , Yizhou Yu , Ping Luo , Sifei Liu

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in understanding visual information with human languages but also exhibit an imbalance in multilingual capabilities. In this work, we delve into the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Yuchun Fan , Yilin Wang , Yongyu Mu , Lei Huang , Bei Li , Xiaocheng Feng , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) handle physical commonsense information inadequately. As a result of being trained in a disembodied setting, LLMs often fail to predict an action's outcome in a given environment. However, predicting the effects…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Gautier Dagan , Frank Keller , Alex Lascarides

Reinforcement learning (RL) promises to unlock capabilities beyond imitation learning for Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, but its requirement for massive real-world interaction prevents direct deployment on physical robots. Recent work…

Large language models (LLMs) provide excellent text-generation capabilities, but standard prompting and generation methods generally do not lead to intentional or goal-directed agents and might necessitate considerable prompt tuning. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Marwa Abdulhai , Isadora White , Charlie Snell , Charles Sun , Joey Hong , Yuexiang Zhai , Kelvin Xu , Sergey Levine