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Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has emerged as a powerful technique for enhancing language model's reasoning capabilities. However, generating long and correct CoT trajectories is challenging. Recent studies have demonstrated that Looped…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Qifan Yu , Zhenyu He , Sijie Li , Xun Zhou , Jun Zhang , Jingjing Xu , Di He

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) are criticized for the excessively lengthy Chain-of-Thought (CoT) to derive the final answer, suffering from high first-token and overall latency. Typically, the CoT of LRMs mixes multiple thinking units; each…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Zihao Zeng , Xuyao Huang , Boxiu Li , Hao Zhang , Zhijie Deng

With the rapid development of large multimodal models (LMMs), multimodal understanding applications are emerging. As most LMM inference requests originate from edge devices with limited computational capabilities, the predominant inference…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-05 Cheng Yuan , Zhening Liu , Jiashu Lv , Jiawei Shao , Yufei Jiang , Jun Zhang , Xuelong Li

4D time-space reconstruction of dynamic events or deforming objects using X-ray computed tomography (CT) is an important inverse problem in non-destructive evaluation. Conventional back-projection based reconstruction methods assume that…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-27 K. Aditya Mohan , Massimiliano Ferrucci , Chuck Divin , Garrett A. Stevenson , Hyojin Kim

Large language models (LLMs) often solve challenging math exercises yet fail to apply the concept right when the problem requires genuine understanding. Popular Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) pipelines reinforce final…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zijun Gao , Zhikun Xu , Xiao Ye , Ben Zhou

Multi-hop question answering is a knowledge-intensive complex problem. Large Language Models (LLMs) use their Chain of Thoughts (CoT) capability to reason complex problems step by step, and retrieval-augmentation can effectively alleviate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Li Jiapeng , Liu Runze , Li Yabo , Zhou Tong , Li Mingling , Chen Xiang

Scaling language models unlocks impressive capabilities, but the accompanying computational and memory demands make both training and deployment expensive. Existing efficiency efforts typically target either parameter sharing or adaptive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Sangmin Bae , Yujin Kim , Reza Bayat , Sungnyun Kim , Jiyoun Ha , Tal Schuster , Adam Fisch , Hrayr Harutyunyan , Ziwei Ji , Aaron Courville , Se-Young Yun

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) allows users to search for images by combining a reference image with a text prompt that describes desired modifications. While vision-language models like CLIP have popularized this task by embedding multiple…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Ioannis Dravilas , Ioannis Kapetangeorgis , Anastasios Latsoudis , Conor McCarthy , Gonçalo Marcelino , Marcel Worring

Large Language Models excel in reasoning yet often rely on Chain-of-Thought prompts, limiting performance on tasks demanding more nuanced topological structures. We present SOLAR (Scalable Optimization of Large-scale Architecture for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Chen Li , Yinyi Luo , Anudeep Bolimera , Uzair Ahmed , Shri Kiran Srinivasan , Hrishikesh Gokhale , Marios Savvides

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning significantly elevates the complex problem-solving capabilities of multimodal large language models (MLLMs). However, adapting CoT to vision typically discretizes signals to fit LLM inputs, causing early…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Tao Cheng , Shi-Zhe Chen , Hao Zhang , Yixin Qin , Jinwen Luo , Zheng Wei

Extending Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) to multimodal large language models (MLLMs) faces a fundamental challenge: their responses inherently interleave perception-related tokens, which ground visual content, with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Jinda Lu , Junkang Wu , Jinghan Li , Kexin Huang , Shuo Yang , Guoyin Wang , Jiancan Wu , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

Spaced repetition systems are fundamental to efficient learning and memory retention, but existing algorithms often struggle with semantic interference and personalized adaptation. We present LECTOR (\textbf{L}LM-\textbf{E}nhanced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Jiahao Zhao

Prompt learning is a dominant paradigm for adapting pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to downstream tasks. However, existing methods often rely on a simplistic, layer-centric view, assuming shallow layers capture general features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yiming Ma , Hongkun Yang , Lionel Z. Wang , Bin Chen , Weizhi Xian , Jianzhi Teng

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong reasoning capabilities but typically require expensive post-training to reach high performance. Recent test-time alignment methods offer a lightweight alternative, but have been explored mainly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Arushi Rai , Qiang Zhang , Hanqing Zeng , Yunkai Zhang , Dipesh Tamboli , Xiangjun Fan , Zhuokai Zhao , Lizhu Zhang

Reasoning segmentation seeks pixel-accurate masks for targets referenced by complex, often implicit instructions, requiring context-dependent reasoning over the scene. Recent multimodal language models have advanced instruction following…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Prantik Howlader , Hoang Nguyen-Canh , Srijan Das , Jingyi Xu , Hieu Le , Dimitris Samaras

Scaling language models to larger and deeper sizes has led to significant boosts in performance. Even though the size of these models limits their application in compute-constrained environments, the race to continually develop ever larger…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Amirkeivan Mohtashami , Matteo Pagliardini , Martin Jaggi

As the volume of image data grows, data-oriented cloud computing in Internet of Video Things (IoVT) systems encounters latency issues. Task-oriented edge computing addresses this by shifting data analysis to the edge. However, limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Jiaqi Wu , Simin Chen , Zehua Wang , Wei Chen , Zijian Tian , F. Richard Yu , Victor C. M. Leung

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in surface-level text generation, their nature in handling complex multi-step reasoning tasks often remains one of ``statistical fitting'' rather than systematic logical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Lianlei Shan , Han Chen , Yixuan Wang , Zhenjie Liu , Wei Li

Code retrieval helps developers reuse the code snippet in the open-source projects. Given a natural language description, code retrieval aims to search for the most relevant code among a set of code. Existing state-of-the-art approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-21 Qihao Zhu , Zeyu Sun , Xiran Liang , Yingfei Xiong , Lu Zhang

Recursive architectures such as Tiny Recursive Models (TRMs) perform implicit reasoning through iterative latent computation, yet the geometric structure of these reasoning trajectories remains poorly understood. We investigate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ege Çakar , Ketan Ali Raghu , Lia Zheng