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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities as autonomous agents through tool use, planning, and decision-making abilities, leading to their widespread adoption across diverse tasks. As task complexity grows,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Ishan Kavathekar , Hemang Jain , Ameya Rathod , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru , Tanuja Ganu

We propose VulnLLM-R, the~\emph{first specialized reasoning LLM} for vulnerability detection. Our key insight is that LLMs can reason about program states and analyze the potential vulnerabilities, rather than simple pattern matching. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yuzhou Nie , Hongwei Li , Chengquan Guo , Ruizhe Jiang , Zhun Wang , Bo Li , Dawn Song , Wenbo Guo

Modern software package registries like PyPI have become critical infrastructure for software development, but are increasingly exploited by threat actors distributing malicious packages with sophisticated multi-stage attack chains. While…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Takaaki Toda , Tatsuya Mori

Defenses against indirect prompt injection (IPI) in tool-using LLM agents share two structural weaknesses. First, they all attempt to prevent attacks rather than detect the compromises that slip through. Second, they have only been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yassin H. Rassul , Tarik A. Rashid

Application Layer Gateways (ALGs) play a crucial role in securing critical systems, including railways, industrial automation, and defense applications, by segmenting networks at different levels of criticality. However, they require…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Carmine Cesarano , Roberto Natella

Open-source AI libraries are foundational to modern AI systems, yet they present significant, underexamined risks spanning security, licensing, maintenance, supply chain integrity, and regulatory compliance. We introduce LibVulnWatch, a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Zekun Wu , Seonglae Cho , Umar Mohammed , Cristian Munoz , Kleyton Costa , Xin Guan , Theo King , Ze Wang , Emre Kazim , Adriano Koshiyama

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are integrated into various sectors, ensuring their reliability and safety is crucial. This necessitates rigorous probing and auditing to maintain their effectiveness and trustworthiness in practical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Maryam Amirizaniani , Elias Martin , Tanya Roosta , Aman Chadha , Chirag Shah

Large language model (LLM) agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various domains, gaining extensive attention from academia and industry. However, these agents raise significant concerns on AI safety due to their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Liming Dong , Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu

This position paper argues that securing LLM agents requires first defining an end-to-end correctness property that specifies when an agent's execution faithfully reflects the user's intent. Modern LLM agents operate over an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Wenjie Qu , Ming Xu , Peiran Wang , Shengfang Zhai , Jiaheng Zhang , Dawn Song

Third-party skills extend LLM agents with powerful capabilities but often handle sensitive credentials in privileged environments, making leakage risks poorly understood. We present the first large-scale empirical study of this problem,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zhihao Chen , Ying Zhang , Yi Liu , Gelei Deng , Yuekang Li , Yanjun Zhang , Jianting Ning , Leo Yu Zhang , Lei Ma , Zhiqiang Li

As software systems grow in scale and complexity, vulnerability management is increasingly strained by high alert volumes, fragmented toolchains, and manual triage processes. We introduce AgenticVM, a multi-agent framework that integrates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Asrul Arifin , Hussain Ahmad , Yiyao Zhang , Diksha Goel

With ChatGPT-like large language models (LLM) prevailing in the community, how to evaluate the ability of LLMs is an open question. Existing evaluation methods suffer from following shortcomings: (1) constrained evaluation abilities, (2)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Jiaju Lin , Haoran Zhao , Aochi Zhang , Yiting Wu , Huqiuyue Ping , Qin Chen

Credible safety plans for advanced AI development require methods to verify agent behavior and detect potential control deficiencies early. A fundamental aspect is ensuring agents adhere to safety-critical principles, especially when these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Ram Potham

Autonomous computer use agents that powered by multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are emerging as capable assistants for completing complex digital workflows. However, real-world execution environments are far from ideal: pop-ups,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jingwei Sun , Jianing Zhu , Yuanyi Li , Tongliang Liu , Xia HU , Bo Han

Agentic systems have been widely studied to automate software engineering jobs such as bug fixing. As these systems increasingly tackle complex tasks, understanding where and why they fail becomes essential for iterative refinement and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Minxing Wang , Xiaofei Xie , Yintong Huo

Agentic systems are increasingly acting on users' behalf, accessing calendars, email, and personal files to complete everyday tasks. Privacy evaluation for these systems has focused on the input and output boundaries, but each task involves…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Ivoline C. Ngong , Keerthiram Murugesan , Swanand Kadhe , Justin D. Weisz , Amit Dhurandhar , Karthikeyan Natesan Ramamurthy

AI-assisted software generation has increased development speed, but it has also amplified a persistent engineering problem: systems that are functionally correct may still be structurally insecure. In practice, prompt-based security review…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Elzo Brito dos Santos Filho

Large language models are increasingly deployed as *deep agents* that plan, maintain persistent state, and invoke external tools, shifting safety failures from unsafe text to unsafe *trajectories*. We introduce **AgentFence**, an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Sai Puppala , Ismail Hossain , Md Jahangir Alam , Yoonpyo Lee , Jay Yoo , Tanzim Ahad , Syed Bahauddin Alam , Sajedul Talukder

Agents built on LLMs are increasingly deployed across diverse domains, automating complex decision-making and task execution. However, their autonomy introduces safety risks, including security vulnerabilities, legal violations, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Haoyu Wang , Christopher M. Poskitt , Jun Sun

Despite various approaches being employed to detect vulnerabilities, the number of reported vulnerabilities shows an upward trend over the years. This suggests the problems are not caught before the code is released, which could be caused…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Karl Tamberg , Hayretdin Bahsi